Chapter 11.1 - Circulatory System Flashcards
What kind of circulatory systems do invertebrates have?
Can have no circulatory system, or open or closed circulatory system
Which organisms do not have a circulatory system?
Archaea, eubacteria, Protista, Fungi, Porifera, Cnidaria, Platyhelminthes, Nematoda, Rotifera
Organisms that do not have a circulatory system rely on:
simple diffusion
True or false: Insects pump blood through a central heart
False - pump hemolymph through several tubular hearts in dorsal vessel
Describe insect hemolymph flow
dorsal vessel -> sinuses -> hemocoel -> ostia -> back to dorsal vessel
What is hemolymph?
fluid that contains nutrients, lies between cells
Hemolymph moves around hemocoel via:
muscular contractions and locomotion
Insects have ___ located all over their body, and its function is:
spiracles; allow air to pass into the tracheal system thus allowing for gas exchange
Invertebrate animals with open circulatory system:
Mollusca, Arthropoda, Echinodermata
The most complex invertebrates have:
closed circulatory systems
Invertebrates with closed circulatory systems
Annelida (segmented worms)
Closed circulatory system includes:
blood, pumping heart, blood vessels
Annelids have multiple hearts called
aortic arches. they pump blood in a circuit
In annelids, blood moves to the front of the worm via ____ and to the back via ____
dorsal vessel; ventral vessel
Primary/true heart chambers include:
atria and ventricles
two chambered hearts have __ primary chambers:
2; single atrium and ventricle
Two-chambered hearts work well for:
fish (chordates that live in water)
true or false: atria are stronger than ventricles
false - ventricles are stronger than atria, they pump blood out to the rest of the body
In addition to two-chamberd hearts, fish also have:
secondary heart chambers
Function of secondary heart chambers
help primary chambers receive and pump blood
two-chambered hearts only pump ____ blood and they are:
oxygen poor; single circulation hearts (blood only travels through one circuit)
Three-chambered hearts have __ primary chambers:
3; one right atrium, one left atrium, and one ventricle
Three-chambered hearts are found in:
amphibians and non-avian reptiles
amphibians and non-avian reptiles are ___ ___
poikilothermic chordates