Chapter 11 Lesson 1 Flashcards
What is the definition of genotype?
The genetic makeup of an organism
What is the definition of homozygous?
When a gene has two identical alleals (TT/tt)
What is the definition of heterozygous?
When a gene has two different alleals (Tt)
What is the definition of phenotype?
The physical traits that are being expressed in an organism
What is the definition of genotypic ratio?
A comparison of the alleals in the offsprings genes
What is the definition of phenotypic ratio?
A comparison of the physical traits being expressed from the offsprings genes
What is the definition of a dominant trait?
A genetic trait that is expressed even when one copy of the alleals is present
What is the definition of a recessive trait?
A trait that is only expressed when an organism has two alleals of that ressesive trait
What is the definition of codominance?
A case when neither alleal is dominant or ressive, a new phenotype is made for all three combinations
What were the two generations that Mendel used in his experiments?
F1 (offspring of the parent generation) and F2 (offspring of the F1 generation)
What did Mendel always start with in his experiments?
He would true breed two pea plants to begin
What ratios did Mendel consistently see in the F1 and F2?
In the F1 generation, he consistantly saw a 4:0 ratio where in F2 it was more of a consistant 3:1
What are the genotype ratios for a trait with alleals TT and Tt
2/4 TT : 2/4 Tt : 0/4 tt
What is the parent cells genotype if the phenotypic ratio of their offspring is 3/4 Long Hair : 1/4 Short Hair?
It is most likely going to have the two alleals Hh and Hh. Both heterozygous
