Chapter 10 Lesson 2

Question 1

What is the order of the stages of mitosis?

Answer 1

Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis

Question 2

What are the characteristics of prophase?

Answer 2

• Chromosomes condense
• Nuclear membrane breaks down
• Spindle fibers begin to form (spindle fibers are microtubules, part of the cytoskeleton!)

Question 3

What are the characteristics of metaphase?

Answer 3

• Spindle fibers from either end of the cell attach to each chromosome
• Chromosomes line up individually along the metaphase plate

Question 4

What are the characteristics of anaphase?

Answer 4

• Sister chromatids detach from each other and travel up the spindle fibers to opposite ends of the cell

Question 5

What are the characteristics of telophase?

Answer 5

• Sister chromatids reach opposite ends of the cell
• New nuclear membranes reform
• Chromosomes decondense
• Cytokinesis begins

Question 6

What are the characteristics of cytokinesis?

Answer 6

• Cell membrane is pinched to make two separate cells

Question 7

What are multipotent stem cells?

Answer 7

Stem cells that replace only specific types of cells, and specific types of tissues

Question 8

What are pluripotent stem cells?

Answer 8

Stem cells that can be grown into any type of cell in your body

Question 9

What are induced pluripotent stem cells?

Answer 9

Regular cells that scientists changed to perform like embryonic stem cells

Question 10

What causes specialized cells to be different from each other?

Answer 10

• Different amounts/types of protiens
• Protein production = gene expression
• Protien production is partly controlled by transcription factors