Chapter 8 Lesson 1

Question 1

What were they trying to figure out in Griffiths experiments?

Answer 1

What caused pneumonia to kill organisms

Question 2

What were they trying to figure out in Averys experiments?

Answer 2

Was protiens or DNA the transforming factor and responsible for heredity

Question 3

What were they trying to figure out in the Hershey-Chace experiment?

Answer 3

Is radioactivity found in the bacteria, which would tell them the viruses genetic material

Question 4

What is Chargoffs first rule?

Answer 4

In any double-stranded DNA, the number of Guanine units is approximately equal to the number of Cytozine, G = C. And the number of Adenine is approximately equal to the number of Thymine, A = T.

Question 5

What is Chargoffs second rule?

Answer 5

The relative amounts of A,C,G, and T varies from one species to the next, and accounts for genetic diversity in species

Question 6

What did Watson, Crick, Wilkins, and Franklin discover about DNA structure?

Answer 6

• Phosphates must be on the outside of a DNA molecule
• DNA is composed of two strands
  -DNA strands form a double-helix
• The nucleotide bases pair in the middle like ladder rungs

Question 7

What nucleotide bases pair up?

Answer 7

Adenine -> Thymine
Guanine -> Cytosine

Question 8

If it is 35% C, what are the percentages of the other three bases?

Answer 8

A - 15%
T - 15%
G - 35%

Question 9

If it is 12% A, what are the percentages of the other three bases?

Answer 9

C - 38%
T - 12%
G - 38%

Question 10

What are all of the parts of a nucleotide?

Answer 10

Phosphate, Deoxyribose (Sugar), Nitrogenous Base

Question 11

What bonds hold the nucleotide together to create the sugar/phosphate backbone?

Answer 11

Covalent

Question 12

What bond connects the base pairs to hold the two strands together

Answer 12

Hydrogen