Chapter 11 Acids and Bases - Only acids

Question 1

What are acids

Answer 1

Non-metal compounds that consist of one or two replaceable hydrogen atoms and are proton donors.

Question 2

what are properties of acids

Answer 2

Sour taste
Corrosive
Proton Donors
H+ ion donors

Question 3

What happens when acids are dissolved in water

Answer 3

Produces H+ Ions

Question 4

Differentiate between a strong and weak acid

pH levels

Answer 4

Strong acids completely dissociate into ions in water producing lots of H+ ions.
pH: 1-2

Weak acids partially dissociate into ions in water producing few H+ ions
pH: 3-6

Question 5

5 common acids found in the lab and their formulas

Answer 5

Sulphuric acid: H2SO4
Hydrochloric acid: HCl
Nitric acid: HNO3
Ethanoic acid: CH3COOH
Phospheric acid - H3PO4

Question 6

Indicator colour changes
Litmus
Methyl Orange
Thymolphthalein
Phenolphthalein

what pH range are acids

Answer 6

Blue litmus - Red
Methyl Orange - Red
Thymolphthalein - Colourless
Phenolphthalein - Colourless

pH: 1 (strong) to 6 (weak)

Question 7

Colour of universal indicator in acids

Answer 7

pH 1: Red
pH 3: Orange
pH 5: Yellow
pH 6: Yellowish green

Question 8

What are the 3 typical acid reactions

Answer 8

Acid + metals —> salt + hydrogen
metal displaces the hydrogen from the acid

Acid + base (metal oxide/hydroxide) —> salt + water
Hydrogen ion and Hydroxide ions react together to form water

Acid + Carbonate (metal carbonate)—> salt + water + carbon dioxide