Chapter 1, pages 1-10 Flashcards
the study of living things
biology
means “life”
bios
means “study of”
-logy
another word for living things
organisms
regions where particular organisms normally live
habitats
the study of plants
botany
the study of animals
zoology
the study of the physical structure of the human body
human anatomy
the study of the function of the human body
human physiology
About ___1___ of the food we eat comes directly from plants. The other ___2___ comes from animals that eat plants
- two-thirds
- third
the four main parts of a plant are:
- flowers
- leaves
- stems
- roots
Most plants with ______ will produce fruit and seeds
flowers
part of the plant that makes the food
leaves
plant with a single tall, woody stem that can stand erect without support
tree
forms of woody plants are:
- trees
- shrubs / bushes
plants that are not woody are considered _____
herbaceous
any plant with a long, thin stem that either grows along the ground or has tendrils that twine around a support
vine
main root grows straight down and remains larger than the secondary roots that branch off from it
taproot system
primary root remains small and many slender secondary roots grow from it in all directions
fibrous root system
plants that live for one year (growing season)
annuals
plants that live for two years (growing seasons)
biennials
plants that live for many years (growing seasons)
perennials
flowering seed plants
angiosperms
plants whose flowers produce seeds covered by fruit
angiosperms
about _____ of the plants known to man are angiosperms
half
the flowers of the composite family are also known as _____
heads
examples of the composite family (sunflower family):
daisy, aster, goldenrod, dandelion
_______ have square stems and are often very aromatic
mint plants
the flower family used in cooking and landscaping
mint family
examples of the mint family:
oregano, basil, sage, lavender, marjoram, rosemary, thyme, balm
flower family used as foods or seasonings
parsley family
examples of the parsley family
Queen Anne’s lace, carrot, celery, parsley, dill, poison hemlock, water hemlock
blackberry, raspberry, strawberry, apple, apricot, cherry, nectarine, peach, pear, plum, almond tree
rose family
open, five-petal design
rose family
flower family containing cabbage, collard, kale, turnip, radish, rutabaga, broccoli, cauliflower, Brussels sprout
mustard family
bean, peanut, lentil, alfalfa, clover, vetch, wisteria, redbud tree
pea family (legume)
used as food and forage, or used to prevent soil erosion
pea family
important crop plants because they actually enrich the soil as they grow
legumes
nitrogen compounds (nitrogen and oxygen) that plants can use
nitrates
bacteria, found on the roots of legumes, that converts nitrogen into nitrates
nitrogen-fixing bacteria
provides nitrates to the soil from decomposing plants and animals (ammonia)
nitrifying bacteria
movement of nitrogen from the air into the soil and back into the air
nitrogen cycle
change nitrates into atmospheric nitrogen
denitrifying bacteria
the tulip is an example of ___
the lily family
family containing the three most poisonous plants
cashew family
poison ivy
cashew family
tomato
nightshade family
stored food for the seed
cotyledon
characteristics of monocots
1 cotyledon; parallel veins; petals in multiples of 3
characteristics of dicots
2 cotyledons; broad, flat leaves with branching veins; petals in multiples of 4 or 5
