test 10 ch. 16-18 Flashcards
enlarged and thickened toenails
hooves
horses, zebras, and donkeys are ___1___, members of the ___2___ family
- equids
- equine
solid structures that grow from the head that shed annually
antlers
hollowed structures that are usually permanent that protrude from the head
horns
animals that chew the cud
ruminants
ruminants that have antlers
deer
ruminants with horns
bovids
ship of the desert
camel
in non-ruminants, side pocket that lies near the stomach to provide for a fermentation chamber
cecum
the least carnivorous of the flesh eaters
bears
wolves are members of the ____ family
canine (dog)
an example of the cat family
tigers, lions, housecat, puma, jaguar, cougar
type of animal or plant that is no longer found alive on the earth
extinct
types of animals and plants that still exist today but are in danger of extinction
endangered
two-footed anatomy
bipedal
flamingos and ducks are examples of _____
waterbirds
group that includes songbirds
perching birds
fastest of any living creature
peregrine falcon
owls and eagles are examples of this family
birds of prey
the ostrich and emu are examples of ______
flightless birds
turkeys and pheasants are examples of _______
game birds
parrots and toucans are examples of this family
tropical birds
the bird hunted to extinction in the 1800s is _____
the passenger pigeon
the bird that went extinct in the 1600s because it couldn’t compete with the hogs and monkeys imported into its habitat is the _______
dodo bird
feathers that provide the necessary wing shape for flight are ______
flight feathers
soft, fluffy feathers close to the bird’s body that provide excellent insulation without adding much weight are ______
down feathers
scientific name for the quill
rachis
the flat portion of the feather is _____
the vane
portion of the feather perpendicular to the quill
barbs
form of flight where the bird flaps its wings
powered flight
flight pattern that where birds fly in circles attaining great heights
soaring
flight pattern where a bird rarely flaps their wings, moving perpendicular to the water and gradually falling
gliding
bird known for a special flight pattern
hummingbird
extension of the sternum on birds
keel
what is different about bird bones compared to other bones
they are hollow
the thumb of a bird
alula
what sense is better in birds than in any other animal?
eyesight
what is the third eyelid that birds have?
the nictitating membrane
special sac in the esophagus that serves as a storage chamber and releases food to the rest of the digestive system at the proper rate
crop
muscular part near the stomach of a bird that grinds food like millstones
gizzard
the special part of marine birds that prevents them from becoming dehydrated by eliminating excess salt
salt gland
voice box of birds
syrinx
what is different about bird’s red blood cells?
they have a nucleus
annually moving to a different region
migration
large grouping of birds together
flock
routes that birds follow year after year
flyways
white part of an egg
albumen
two dense, twisted cords that are attached to the yolk and support it
chalazae
unlearned knowledge an animal possesses at birth
instinct
keeping eggs warm
incubation
exposed patch of skin on a bird’s belly where feathers are lost
brood patch
animals that are helpless at birth
altricial
birds that are capable of functioning after birth
precocial
the behavior of animals that involves the occupation, defense, and control of a specific area or territory
territoriality
what is a varied body temperature
poikilothermic
reptiles hearts have how many chambers?
3 chambers
(except the crocodilians who have 4)
the most numerous reptile
lizards
examples of defense a lizard does
detaching tail, inflating body in small places to get stuck, shooting blood out of its eyes
eggs are made and hatched inside the mothers body, but are born live
ovoviviparous
the most widespread reptile
snakes
the movement snakes use most commonly when staking prey
rectilinear (also the scrunching and un-scrunching of the snakes body in a forward motion)
the movement snakes use in the sand
sidewinding movement
the movement in which snakes anchor the head and thrust the body, then anchor the body and thrust the head
concertina
the bone in the snakes jaw that allows them to open there jaw extremely wide in order to swallow large prey. It also is connected to the snakes inner ear and is vital to hearing low frequency sounds/picks up on vibrations
quadrate bone
an organ on the roof of their mouth that lets them interpret chemical signals, scents, and pheromones with their tongue
jacobson’s organ
a snake that is known for killing its prey by coiling around it and choking it
constrictor (python is an example)
the largest snake family
colubrids
the hollow or grooved venom-injecting teeth
fangs
snakes known for long retractable fangs that inject venom
vipers
family of snakes with short fangs in the front of their mouths (some of the deadliest snakes); the fangs are not retractable
elapids
vipers with heat sensing organ on their head
pit vipers
heaviest freshwater turtle
alligator snapping turtle
reptiles with shells
turtles
the order that includes alligators, caimans, crocodiles, and gharials
crocodilians
the largest turtles
sea turtles
a lizard-like reptile that lives in New Zealand (classified in it’s own family)
tuatara (known for a third eye, called the parietal eye, which senses radiation)
group of extinct creatures resembling reptiles that had a similarity to large lizards
dinosaurs
the largest and heaviest lizard
komodo dragon
most common movement of snakes
lateral undulation
largest living reptiles
crocodilians
everyone say, “Thank you, Kate!”
“Thank you, Kate!”
