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10th Flashcards - biology > Test 3 > Flashcards

Test 3 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

areas where leaves are growing or have grown

A

nodes

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2
Q

growth in length

A

primary growth

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3
Q

growth in width

A

secondary growth

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4
Q

water-conducting cells that are like tubes that are only found in broadleaf trees

A

vessels (tracheids are in both broadleaf and other trees)

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5
Q

older, inner wood of a tree used as support for the stem

A

heartwood

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6
Q

outer covering of a monocot stem

A

rind

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7
Q

growth response in a plant

A

tropism

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8
Q

made up of a special stem and leaves designed to store food; onion is an example

A

bulb

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9
Q

thick stems that grow horizontally under the ground providing food storage and a means of vegetative reproduction

A

rhizomes

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10
Q

special stems that grow quickly along the surface of the ground

A

stolon

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11
Q

special stem that is an example of special protection

A

thorn

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12
Q

roots with one primary root and other small roots

A

taproot system

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13
Q

roots spread out with no main root

A

fibrous roots

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14
Q

protects the tender root tip as it pushes its way through the soil

A

root cap

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15
Q

one-way diffusion through a semipermeable membrane

A

osmosis

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16
Q

two forms of vascular tissue

A

xylem and phloem

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17
Q

two broad divisions of the skeletal system

A

axial and appendicular skeleton

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18
Q

the arm bones are __1__ which is on the thumb side, and the __2__ which is on the pinkie side

A
  1. radius
  2. ulna
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19
Q

longest bone in the body

A

femur

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20
Q

strong connective fiber that attaches a muscle to bone

A

tendon

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21
Q

heel bone

A

calcaneus

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22
Q

ankle bone

A

talus

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23
Q

famous botanist who found 100 uses for the peanut and several uses for the sweet potato

A

George Washington Carver

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24
Q

study of living things

A

biology

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25
Q

living things

A

organisms

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26
Q

flowering seed plants

A

angiosperms

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27
Q

angiosperm family that consists of a cluster of flowers resembling a single flower

A

composite family

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28
Q

square stems and very aromatic

A

mint family

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29
Q

plants that live for one growing season

A

annuals

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30
Q

plants with an open, five-petal design

A

rose

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31
Q

plant family with three of the most common poisonous plants

A

cashew family

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32
Q

legumes are part of the ___ family

A

pea

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33
Q

most important plant family

A

grass family

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34
Q

fruit of a maple tree

A

samara

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35
Q

symbol of the American South

A

magnolia tree

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36
Q

tree with bark that peels off in layers

A

birch tree

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37
Q

modified leaves of the dogwood tree that look like creamy white petals

A

bracts

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38
Q

a group of structures designed to function together as a unit to perform a particular job for an organism

A

system

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39
Q

part of the plant found above the ground

A

shoot system

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40
Q

contain developing leaf or stem structures

A

buds

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41
Q

____ is found in plant cells along with the cell membrane, but this is not in animal cells

A

cell wall

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42
Q

organisms that can make their own plants

A

autotrophs (producers)

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43
Q

process whereby a plant’s chloroplasts capture the radiant energy of light and convert it into the chemical energy of food

A

photosynthesis

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44
Q

sugar produced through photosynthesis

A

glucose

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45
Q

part of the plant that contains the ovary

A

pistil

46
Q

transfer of pollen from an anther to the stigma of a pistil

A

pollination

47
Q

a sweet-tasting, watery liquid produced by plants

A

nectar

48
Q

the egg cell unites with the sperm cell

A

fertilization

49
Q

reproductive cells

A

gametes

50
Q

occurs as the ovary is growing larger and developing into a fruit

A

ripening

51
Q

simple fruits in which the entire ovary is fleshy and juicy throughout

A

berries

52
Q

outer fleshy layer and an inner woody layer

A

drupes

53
Q

simple fruits with an outer fleshy layer and an inner papery core

A

pomes

54
Q

simple fruits that consist of a pod enclosing several seeds

A

legumes

55
Q

consist of small dry seeds with one or more wing-like structures attached to them

A

samaras

56
Q

simple fruits with thin shells containing seeds

A

achenes

57
Q

simple dry fruits consisting of a seed enclosed in a hard covering, or shell

A

nuts

58
Q

fruit of the grass family

A

grain

59
Q

will develop into the root system of the plant

A

radicle

60
Q

a period of inactivity

A

dormancy

61
Q

process of arranging organisms into groups based on similarities

A

taxonomy

62
Q

naturalist who devised a simple, practical method of scientific classification

A

Linnaeus

63
Q

two main groups that all living things are divided into in classical taxonomy

A

kingdoms

64
Q

a group of very simi­lar organisms that can interbreed freely in nature

A

species

65
Q

a group of similar organisms that are all descended from a single group of originally created organisms

A

kind

66
Q

system for assigning scientific names

A

binomial nomenclature

67
Q

organisms that
1. have membrane-bound nuclei
2. do no have membrane-bound nuclei

A
  1. eukaryotes
  2. prokaryotes
68
Q

divisions of modern taxonomy that are the highest

A

domains

69
Q

plants that produce seeds but do not produce flowers

A

gymnosperms

70
Q

pollen-producing cones

A

staminate cones

71
Q

seed-producing cones

A

ovulate cones

72
Q

tallest known living thing

A

coast redwood

73
Q

an unusual gymnosperm that resembles palm trees; an example is the sago palm

A

cycad

74
Q

an oriental gymnosperm with two­-lobed, fan­-shaped leaves

A

ginkgo

75
Q

tiny, one-­celled reproductive structures

A

spore

76
Q

life cycle that involves both asexual and sexual reproduction

A

alternation of generations

77
Q

“moss-like plants”; liverworts and mosses are examples

A

bryophytes

78
Q

Instead of roots, a moss has tiny hair­ like threads called _____

A

rhizoids

79
Q

Decaying peat moss is the main constituent of a substance known as ______, which is a compressed accumulation of various partially decayed plant materials that collect in swamps and marshes

A

peat

80
Q

the smallest of the green,
chlorophyll­-containing organisms

A

algae

81
Q

microorganisms that float near the surface of the water and provide food for larger organisms

A

plankton

82
Q

form the largest group of algae

A

green algae

83
Q

most numerous and most interesting of the yellow algae

A

diatoms

84
Q

largest of the brown algae

A

kelp

85
Q

causes red tide

A

dinoflagellates

86
Q

nonvascular plant-­like organisms that lack chlorophyll and depend upon other organisms for food

A

fungi

87
Q

organisms that obtain their nutrition form dead organisms

A

saprophytes

88
Q

an organism that lives on or in an­other living organism and derives its nutrition from that organism

A

parasite

89
Q

cheese and bread both have _____ impact it or grow on it

A

mold

90
Q

____ is added to bread to make it rise

A

yeast

91
Q

two different kinds of organisms living together for mutual benefit

A

symbiosis

92
Q

body cavity that has the heart and lungs

A

thoracic cavity

93
Q

body cavity with the liver and stomach

A

abdominopelvic cavity

94
Q

the body’s defense against foreign invaders

A

immune system

95
Q

system of the body that covers it and protects it from surroundings

A

integumentary system

96
Q

system that supports the body and gives it rigidity

A

skeletal system

97
Q

system responsible for the continuation of the human race

A

reproductive system

98
Q

stable internal environment for the body

A

homeostasis

99
Q

tissue that lines the body parts

A

epithelial tissue

100
Q

tissue that connects the parts of the body

A

connective tissue

101
Q

nonliving material surrounding cells

A

matrix

102
Q

organs that are not useful were called ____

A

vestigial organs (there are no real vestigial organs)

103
Q

system that moves the body

A

muscular system

104
Q

braincase

A

cranium

105
Q

U-shaped bone in the upper neck above the larynx

A

hyoid bone

106
Q

the soft spots on the top and back of an infant’s head

A

fontanels

107
Q

uneven lines where the cranial bones fuse together

A

sutures

108
Q

connective tissue that joins bone to bone

A

ligaments

109
Q

smallest bones in the human body

A

malleus, incus, and stapes

110
Q

tough, rubbery connective tissue that cushions the joints between bones

A

cartilage

111
Q

tailbone

A

coccyx

112
Q

severe lateral curvature of the spine

A

scoliosis

10th Flashcards - biology (15 decks)

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