p 103-114

Question 1

the place where bones meet

Answer 1

joint

Question 2

most important joints in the body

Answer 2

freely movable joints

Question 3

allow the bones to glide smoothly over each other. The articular cartilage is lubricated with a clear, water-based lubricant

Answer 3

synovial fluid

Question 4

allows a bone to move back and forth in a single plane, like a door

Answer 4

hinge joint

Question 5

most freely movable joints

Answer 5

ball-and-socket joints

Question 6

joint that allows only rotating movement

Answer 6

pivot joint

Question 7

joints between the metacarpals and phalanges

Answer 7

ellipsoid joints

Question 8

one bone slides across the surface of another

Answer 8

gliding joint

Question 9

joint found only in the hands

Answer 9

saddle joint

Question 10

inflammation of the joint

Answer 10

arthritis

Question 11

most common form of arthritis that comes from old age

Answer 11

osteoarthritis

Question 12

immune system attacks the tissues of a joint

Answer 12

rheumatoid arthritis

Question 13

most common joint injury that occurs when the ligaments of a joint are overstressed, causing them to be tender or inflamed

Answer 13

sprain

Question 14

a joint is overstressed to the extent that a bone pops out of alignment and must be relocated

Answer 14

dislocation

Question 15

skeletal muscles are _____ because they are under conscious control

Answer 15

voluntary muscles

Question 16

smooth muscles and cardiac muscles are ____ because they aren’t under completely conscious control

Answer 16

involuntary muscles

Question 17

muscles whose primary function is to move the skeleton

Answer 17

skeletal muscles

Question 18

muscle that is shorter and wider and is specialized for slow, powerful, and prolonged contractions

Answer 18

smooth muscle

Question 19

muscle only found in the heart

Answer 19

cardiac muscle

Question 20

tough, translucent sheath that contains the muscle

Answer 20

fascia

Question 21

muscles are composed of ____

Answer 21

muscle fibers

Question 22

long fibers where muscle contractions occur

Answer 22

myofibrils

Question 23

overlapping protein fibers arranged in repeating units that give muscles their appearance

Answer 23

sarcomeres

Question 24

point at which a motor neuron connects to a muscle cell

Answer 24

neuromuscular junction

Question 25

motor neuron and the group of muscle cells it controls

Answer 25

motor unit

Question 26

says that muscle contractions occur fully and relaxing occurs fully

Answer 26

all-or-none principle

Question 27

enlargement of muscles through use

Answer 27

hypertrophy

Question 28

muscle degeneration

Answer 28

atrophy

Question 29

1. muscle fibers that contract more quickly
2. muscle fibers that contract more slowly

Answer 29

1. white fibers
2. red fibers

Question 30

total awareness of body units

Answer 30

muscle sense