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10th Flashcards - biology > 11.1-11.2 > Flashcards

11.1-11.2 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

stable internal environment

A

homeostasis

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2
Q

system of the body designed specifically for homeostasis

A

integumentary system

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3
Q

main organ of the integumentary system

A

skin

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4
Q

system of the body that removes waste

A

excretory system

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5
Q

system of the body that removes liquid waste

A

urinary system

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6
Q

three functions of the skin

A

communication, protection, secretion

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7
Q

layer of the skin exposed to the environment

A

epidermis

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8
Q

outermost cells of the epidermis

A

squamous epithelial cells

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9
Q

living cells that rapidly reproduce

A

germinative cells

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10
Q

buildup of epidermal cells

A

callus

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11
Q

results when the immune system attacks epidermal cells, causing them to be formed and discarded too rapidly

A

psoriasis

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12
Q

dead skin cells begin to flake when the epidermal cells replenish themselves too rapidly

A

dandruff

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13
Q

tough, water-proof protein fiber that strengthens and hardens the cells

A

keratin (process is keratinization)

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14
Q

pigment of the skin

A

melanin

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15
Q

characteristic of being unable to produce melanin

A

albinism

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16
Q

most complex layer of the skin

A

dermis

17
Q

layer of the skin that is a fatty layer of loose connective tissue that binds the skin to the underlying organs; it acts as an insulator and shock absorber

A

subcutaneous layer

18
Q

natural process that protects the body from the harmful ultraviolet rays of the sun

A

tanning

19
Q

serious problem for sunbathers that is dangerous, especially when sunscreen isn’t used

A

skin cancer

20
Q

more harmful form of skin cancer

A

malignant melanoma

21
Q

muscles that attach to the hair follicle

A

arrector pili (responsible for goose bumps)

22
Q

oil that waterproofs your skin and keeps it soft and flexible; produced by the sebaceous glands

A

sebum

23
Q

clogged hair follicle due to excess oil

A

blackhead

24
Q

help regulate body temperature

A

sweat glands

25
Q

taking skin from another part of the body and putting it where the burn occurred

A

skin grafts

26
Q

removal of waste substances from the body

A

excretion

27
Q

most important part of the excretory system

A

kidneys

28
Q

working units of the kidneys

A

nephrons

29
Q

sieve-like structure in the kidney

A

glomerulus

30
Q

return of beneficial molecules and useful substances to the blood

A

reabsorption

31
Q

fluid that is not reabsorbed into the kidneys

A

urine

32
Q

enzyme which acts on the circulatory system to increase blood pressure

A

renin

33
Q

controls the regulation of water reabsorption

A

ADH

34
Q

process of separating molecules of different sizes using a membrane

A

dialysis

10th Flashcards - biology (15 decks)

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