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10th Flashcards - biology > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

The primary function of ______ is to produce seeds for reproduction

A

flowers

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2
Q

enlarged end of a stem

A

pedicel

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3
Q

part of the flower that holds developing seeds

A

receptacle

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4
Q

leaf-like structures that protect the petals

A

sepals

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5
Q

most conspicuous part of a flower

A

petal

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6
Q

part of the flower that is an organ that produces pollen

A

stamens

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7
Q

contains the sperm cells (male cells) of the flower

A

pollen

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8
Q

slender, elongated stalk that is part of the stamen

A

filament

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9
Q

enlarged structure at the tip of the filament; produces pollen

A

anther

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10
Q

elongated, vase-shaped central structure of a flower

A

pistil

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11
Q

swollen base of the pistil

A

ovary

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12
Q

undeveloped seed

A

ovule

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13
Q

contains egg cells (female cells)

A

ovules

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14
Q

The 1 is the male reproductive part of a flower and the 2 is the female reproductive part

A
  1. stamen
  2. pistil
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15
Q

stalk-like structure that connects the ovary to the tip of the pistil

A

style

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16
Q

tip of the pistil that receives the pollen grains at the time of pollination

A

stigma

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17
Q

flower that has the sepals, petals, stamens, and pistils

A

complete flower

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18
Q

flower that lacks one or more of the four basic flower parts

A

incomplete flower

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19
Q

any plant on which both staminate and pistillate flowers are produced in the same plant

A

monoecious

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20
Q

plant that produces staminate and pistillate flowers on separate plants

A

dioecious

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21
Q

many flowers on one stem

A

inflorescences

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22
Q

chief factor affecting flowering

A

length of daylight and night

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23
Q

ovary that has ripened

A

fruit

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24
Q

functions as the seed-bearing structures of flowering plants

A

fruit

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25
Q

transfer of pollen from an anther to the stigma of a pistil

A

pollination

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26
Q

pollination that occurs within the same flower

A

self-pollination

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27
Q

occurs when the pollen from an anther of one plant is transferred to a stigma of a flower on another plant

A

cross-pollination

28
Q

sweet-tasting, watery liquid produced by plants

A

nectar

29
Q

allergic reaction to pollen

A

hay fever

30
Q

chemical messenger that triggers symptoms to pollen as a reaction

A

histamines

31
Q

most important type of pollen that triggers hay fever

A

ragweed

32
Q

occurs when the sperm cell fuses with the egg cell

A

fertilization

33
Q

reproductive cells

A

gametes

34
Q

reproduction in which the sperm and egg cell unite

A

sexual reproduction

35
Q

forms after pollination by the pollen grain

A

pollen tube

36
Q

forms when the sperm cell unites with the egg cell

A

embryo

37
Q

nutritional tissue that surrounds the fertilized egg and provides nourishment to the growing embryo

A

endosperm

38
Q

two sperm cells are required for reproduction

A

double reproduction

39
Q

occurs when a fruit grows larger and develops

A

ripening

40
Q

form from one flower that has only one pistil

A

simple fruits

41
Q

form from one flower that has several pistils

A

aggregate fruits

42
Q

fruit that forms from several flowers

A

multiple fruit

43
Q

simple fruits in which the entire ovary is fleshy and juicy throughout

A

berries

44
Q

fruits with woody inner layer and fleshy outer layer

A

drupes

45
Q

simple fruits with an outer fleshy layer and an inner papery core

A

pomes

46
Q

fruits that consist of a pod enclosing several seeds

A

legumes

47
Q

fruits that consist of
small dry seeds with one or more wing-like structures attached to them

A

samaras

48
Q

simple dry fruits consisting of a seed enclosed in a hard covering

A

nuts

49
Q

simple fruits consisting of a
seed and a thin shell

A

achenes

50
Q

the fruit of a grass plant

A

grain

51
Q

example of aggregate fruits

A

blackberries

52
Q

example of multiple fruits

A

pineapple

53
Q

shell-like fruit covering of wheat that can be removed only by milling

A

bran

54
Q

part of wheat used in making white flour

A

endosperm

55
Q

embryo of the young wheat plant

A

germ

56
Q

able to germinate and grow

A

viable

57
Q

seed dispersal where an outside source carries the seeds

A

agent dispersal

58
Q

seed dispersal where the plant is responsible for spreading its seeds

A

mechanical dispersal

59
Q

part of the seed that is a tiny shoot that will develop into the stem and leaves of the plant

A

plumule

60
Q

part of the seed that will develop into the root system of the plant

A

radicle

61
Q

part of the seed that provides nutrition to the growing embryo

A

endosperm

62
Q

part of the seed that provides a protective covering for the seed

A

seed coat

63
Q

scar of the seed coat that marks where the seed was attached to the ovary wall during its development

A

hilium

64
Q

sprouting of a seed

A

germination

65
Q

period of inactivity

A

dormancy

66
Q

Most of the food stored in the cotyledons is in the form of _____

A

starch

10th Flashcards - biology (15 decks)

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