Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology 107 > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Characteristic that depends on the level of organization of matter, but does not exist at lower levels of organization

Example:Communities can be described in terms of their diversity-the number and types of different populations they contain- and their stability-the degree to which the populations within the communities remain the same through time.
Life is thus an ____ of the organization of matter into cells

A

Emergent Properties

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

hierarchy of life

A

Cell__Multicellular organism__Population__Community__Ecosystem__ Biosphere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Individuals consisting of single cells

Example: bacteria and protozoans

A

Unicellular Organisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Individuals consisting of interdependent cells

Example: plants and animals

A

Multicellular organisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

All the individuals of a single species that live together in the same place and time

A

Population

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Populations of all species that occupy the same area

A

Community

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Group of biological communities interacting with their shared physical environment

A

Ecosystem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

All regions of Earth’s crust, waters, and atmosphere that sustain life

A

Biosphere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Large, double-stranded, helical molecule that contains the genetic material of all living organisms

A

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

A polymer assembled form repeating nucleotide monomers in which the five-carbon sugar is ribose. Cellular ___ include mRNA (which is translated to produce a polypeptide), tRNA (which brings an amino acid to the ribosome for assembly into a polypeptide during translation), and rRNA (which is a structural component of ribosomes). The genetic material of some viruses is__

A

Ribonucleic acid (RNA)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Molecules that carry out most of the activities of life, including the synthesis of all other biological molecules. Consists of one or more polypeptides depending on it

A

Protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The biochemical reactions that allow a cell or organism to extract energy from its surroundings and use that energy to maintain itself, grown, and reproduce

A

Metabolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The conversion of light energy to chemical energy in the form of sugar and other organic molecules

A

Photosynthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The process by which energy-rich molecules are broken down to produce energy in the form of ATP

A

Cellular Respiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Smallest unit with the capacity to live and reproduce

An organized chemical system that includes many specialized molecules surrounded by a membrane

A

Cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

An autotroph usually a photosynthetic organism, a member of the first trophic level

A

Primary Producers

17
Q

An organism that consumes other organisms in a community or ecosystem

A

Consumers

18
Q

A small organism, such as a bacterium or fungus, that feeds on the remains of dead organisms, breaking down complex biological molecules or structures into simpler raw material

A

Decomposers

19
Q

A steady internal condition maintained by responses that compensate for changes in the external environment

A

Homeostasis

20
Q

The process in which parents produce offspring

A

Reproduction

21
Q

The transmission of DNA (genetic info) from one generation to the next

A

inheritance

22
Q

A series of programmed changes encoded in DNA, through which a fertilized egg divides into many cells that ultimately are transformed into an adult, which is itself capable of reproduction

A

development

23
Q

The sequential stages through which individuals develop, grow, maintain themselves, and reproduce

A

life cycle

24
Q

The process by which some individuals in a population experience changes in their DNA and pass those modified instructions to their offspring

A

Biological Evolution

25
Q

Selective breeding of organisms to ensure that certain desirable traits appear at higher frequency in successive generations

A

artificial selection

26
Q

The evolutionary process by which alleles that increase the likelihood of survival and the reproductive output of the individuals that carry them become more common in subsequent generation

A

natural selection

27
Q

A unit containing the code for a protein molecule or one of its parts or for functioning RNA molecules such as tRNA and rRNA

A

genes

28
Q

A spontaneous and heritable change in DNA

A

mutations

29
Q

Characteristic that helps an organism survive longer or reproduce more under a particular set of environmental conditions

A

adaptations

30
Q

The collective effort of individuals who worked to understand how living systems function

A

biological research

31
Q

research conducted to search for explanations about natural phenomena in order to satisfy curiosity and to advance collective knowledge of living system

A

basic research

32
Q

research conducted with the goal of solving specific practical problems

A

applied research

Biology 107 (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions