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Final Exam > Chap 8 > Flashcards

Chap 8 Flashcards

Iron Metabolism

1
Q

Primary function of Iron in the body?

A

Oxygen transport and storage

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2
Q

70% of the body’s total iron is stored where?

A

In the hemoglobin of RBCs

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3
Q

Iron absorption and storage are influenced by?

A

Amount and type of available iron in the diet. (Nutritional Deficiency)

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4
Q

Which part of Iron metabolism can be effected by GI tract problems?

A

Can cause incomplete absorption.

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5
Q

Example of increased demand?

A

Pregnancy
The growth years

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6
Q

Examples of excessive loss of Iron?

A

Acute or Chronic Hemorrhage
(Female’s period during child-bearing years) (GI bleeding in men).

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7
Q

Iron-containing compounds assist distribution through?

A

Functional (assist enzymatic &metabolic functions).
Transportation or Storage

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8
Q

Iron locations, besides blood?

A

Macrophages of spleen and liver (RBC destruction, liberating Iron).
Hepatocytes and Enterocytes (Iron storage)

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9
Q

Forms of Iron?

A

Non-heme
Heme

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10
Q

Non-Heme Iron is described as?

A

Ionic/Ferric
In veggies and whole grains.
2-20% absorbed

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11
Q

Heme Iron is described as?

A

In red meats
Easily absorbed
5-35% absorbed

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12
Q

Iron transport is a mechanism of?

A

Transferrin

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13
Q

Transferrin

A

Transports iron to the BM, for use in Hgb synthesis.
Synthesized by the liver.

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14
Q

Iron storage is a mechanism of?

A

Ferritin

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15
Q

Where is Iron primarily stored?

A

The liver

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16
Q

Ferritin

A

Soluble iron, W/ quick release for heme synthesis.

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17
Q

Hemosiderin

A

Partially degraded iron, W/ a slow release.

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18
Q

The iron pools in the body?

A

Hgb (Largest)
Storage Iron (Ferritin) Available
Myoglobin (Tissue Hgb)
Tissue Iron (Enzymes)
Transport (Transferrin)

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19
Q

The functional pool of Iron?

A

Hgb Iron in the blood.
Myoglobin Iron in the muscles.
Iron in Peroxidase, Catalase, Cytochromes, Riboflavin, enzymes in all cells.

20
Q

Hgb Iron in the blood? (% or g)

A

68% or 2400g

21
Q

Myoglobin iron in muscles? (% or g)

A

10% or 0.360g

22
Q

Iron in Peroxidase, Catalase, Cytochromes, Riboflavin Enzymes in all cells? (% or g)

A

3% or 0.120g

23
Q

The storage pool of Iron?

A

Ferritin and Hemosiderin (mostly in Macrophages & Hepatocytes, small amount in all cells except mature RBCs).

24
Q

Storage Iron? (% or g)

A

18% or 0.667g

25
Q

The transport pool of Iron?

A

Transferrin in plasma

26
Q

Transport Iron? (% or g)

A

< 1% or 0.001g

27
Q

Serum Ferritin (SF) adult reference range?

A

40-400 ng/mL

28
Q

What does the SF indicate diagnostically?

A

Iron stores

29
Q

Serum Iron (SI) adult reference range?

A

50-160 umol/L

30
Q

What does SI indicate diagnostically?

A

Available transport Iron

31
Q

Total Iron Binding Capacity (TIBC) reference range?

A

250-400 ug/dL

32
Q

What does TIBC indicate diagnostically?

A

Indirect indicator of Iron stores.

33
Q

Transferrin Saturation (TS) reference range?

A

20-55%

34
Q

What does TS indicate diagnostically?

A

Indirect indicate of Iron stores W/ Transport Iron.

35
Q

Transferrin Receptor (TR) reference range?

A

1.15-2.75 mg/L

36
Q

What does TR indicate diagnostically?

A

Functional Iron available

37
Q

RBC Zinc Protoporphyrin reference range?

A

< 80 mg/dL of RBCs

38
Q

What does the RBC zinc protoporphyrin indicate diagnostically?

A

Functional Iron available in RBCs.

39
Q

Hemochromatosis

A

A condition caused by increased Iron absorption and deposits in vital organs, (I.E. liver, spleen and pancreas) that then become fibrotic.

40
Q

Clinical Symptoms of Hemochromatosis?

A

Hyperpigmentation of skin

41
Q

Laboratory Findings?

A

Increased: Iron and Ferritin
Decreased: TIBC and Transferrin

42
Q

How is hemochromatosis treated?

A

Therapeutic Phlebotomy or chelation drugs.

43
Q

Porphyria

A

Excessive production of porphyrins in the BM. (Or liver)The excess accumulates in developing RBCs.

44
Q

Porphyria is caused by?

A

Defect in 1 or more of the enzymes in heme synthesis pathway.

45
Q

What is another name for PTs W/ Porphyria?

A

OG Vampires or Werewolves due to their skin photosensitivity to the sun.

Final Exam (27 decks)

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