Chap 17 Flashcards
Microcytic Anemias
Most common causes of IDA in men and women?
Inadequate Intake
Increased need
(Women during pregnancy)
Impaired Absorption
Hemorrhage
Typical PB smear findings?
Microcytic, Hypochromic
Targets, Elliptos, Teardrops
(If due to bleeding, Leukocytosis or Thrombocytosis possible).
IDA CBC findings?
Decreased:
RBC, Hgb, Hct, MCV, MCH, MCHC
Normal - Decreased:
Retics
IDA BM findings?
Decreased stainable Iron
Mild-Moderate Erythroid hyperplasia
M:E Ratio decreased
IDA Chemistry?
Decreased SI and Ferritin
Increased TIBC
Anemia of Chronic Inflammation/Disease (ACD)
Anemia occurring in PTs W/ chronic infections, chronic inflammatory disorders, trauma, organ failure, or Neoplasms.
Anemia of Chronic Disease occurs due to the biochemical changes during?
Inflammation
Hepcidin
Acute phase Reactant
Hallmark sign of Anemia of Chronic disease is?
Normal to Increased Ferratin
Typical Lab Findings for ACD?
Decreased:
RBC, Hgb, Hct, MCV, MCH, SI Transferrin
Normal to Increased:
Ferritin
Normal:
MCHC
Normal to Decreased:
Retics, TIBC
PB Smear of ACD?
Normocytic, Normochromic
Target, Elliptos, Teardrops
BM Findings in ACD?
BM M:E Ratio increased
Anemias associated W/ Abnormal Heme Synth?
Sideroblastic Anemia (SA)
Lead Poisoning
Porphyria
Sideroblastic Anemia (SA)
1st step in heme synth affected.
Characteristics of SA?
Increased total body iron
Ringed Sideroblasts in BM
Hypochromic Anemia
Classifications of SA?
Hereditary
Acquired
2 forms of Acquired SA?
Idiopathic (Unknown)
Secondary Type
Causes of Secondary type of Acquired SA?
Certain therapeutic drugs
Chronic transfusions (Aplastic Anemia, Leukemia, Thalassemia)
Alcoholism & food fads
Use of Iron utensils/ Increased Iron in water.
SA Mechanism?
Adequate Iron but can’t be incorporated into Hgb Synth.
Where does the Iron go in SA, instead of Hgb Synth?
Mitochondria of Metarubricyte, accumulates leading to ringed Sideroblasts.
What happens to the mitochondria eventually inside the Metarubricyte in PTs W/ SA?
Ruptures
How does lead poisoning cause anemia?
Lead interferes W/ iron storage in the mitochondria.
Damages activity of enzymes used in Heme Synth.
Basophilic Stippling pronounced
PB Smear of SA?
PHBs
Hypochromic, Normochromic
Normal to increased PLTs
Chemistry of SA PB?
Increased SI and Ferritin
Decreased TIBC
Hemochromatosis Lab features?
Increased SI and Ferritin
Decreased TIBC and Transferrin
When Microcytic and Hypochromic, cytoplasm appearance?
Defective cytoplasmic maturation
Normal nuclear maturation
Regardless of plasm maturation, the main point is?
Decreased Hgb production
