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Biol 348 Anatomy > chap 15 > Flashcards

chap 15 Flashcards

1
Q
  1. Human intelligence is most closely related to the
    A. size of the brain.
    B. weight of the brain.
    C. number of neurons.
    D. number of active synapses.
    E. amount of cerebrospinal fluid.
A

D. number of active synapses.

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2
Q
  1. Arrange the primary brain vesicles in the correct anterior to posterior order.
    a: Rhombencephalon
    b: Mesencephalon
    c: Prosencephalon
    A. a, c, b
    B. b, a, c
    C. a, b, c
    D. c, b, a
    E. c, a, b
A

D. c, b, a

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3
Q
  1. Arrange the five secondary vesicles in the correct anterior to posterior order.
    a: Diencephalon
    b: Myelencephalon
    c: Telencephalon
    d: Metencephalon
    e: Mesencephalon
    A. b, a, c, d, e
    B. a, b, c, d, e
    C. b, c, a, e, d
    D. c, d, e, a, b
    E. c, a, e, d, b
A

E. c, a, e, d, b

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4
Q
  1. Which secondary brain vesicle forms the portion of the adult brain that includes the
    epithalamus, thalamus, and hypothalamus?
    A. Telencephalon
    B. Diencephalon
    C. Myelencephalon
    D. Metencephalon
    E. Mesencephalon
A

B. Diencephalon

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5
Q
  1. The portion of the adult brain that includes the cerebrum is derived from which secondary brain vesicle?
    A. Telencephalon
    B. Diencephalon
    C. Myelencephalon
    D. Metencephalon
    E. Mesencephalon
A

A. Telencephalon

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6
Q
  1. The portion of the adult brain that includes the medulla oblongata is derived from which secondary brain vesicle?
    A. Telencephalon
    B. Diencephalon
    C. Myelencephalon
    D. Metencephalon
    E. Mesencephalon
A

C. Myelencephalon

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7
Q
  1. The portion of the adult brain that includes the cerebral peduncles, superior colliculi, and inferior colliculi is derived from which secondary brain vesicle?
    A. Telencephalon
    B. Diencephalon
    C. Myelencephalon
    D. Metencephalon
    E. Mesencephalon
A

E. Mesencephalon

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8
Q

8.

Clusters of gray matter that contain neuron cell bodies and lie within masses of white matter are the
A.cortices.
B. cerebral ganglia.
C. cerebral nuclei.
D. cerebral peduncles.
E. ventricles.

A

C. cerebral nuclei.

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9
Q
  1. What is the correct order for the cranial meninges, from superficial to deep?
    a: Dura mater
    b: Pia mater
    c: Arachnoid
    A. a, b, c
    B. a, c, b
    C. b, a, c
    D. b, c, a
    E. c, b, a
A

B. a, c, b

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10
Q
  1. Which of the cranial meninges consists of dense irregular connective tissue in two layers (the periosteal layer and the meningeal layer)?
    A. Pia mater
    B. Arachnoid
    C. Dura mater
    D. Subdural layer
    E. Subarachnoid layer
A

C. Dura mater

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11
Q
  1. Dural venous sinuses are areas where
    A. the meningeal and periosteal layers separate to form large blood-filled spaces.
    B. cerebrospinal fluid is produced.
    C. cerebrospinal fluid is stored.
    D. large numbers of nuclei congregate.
    E. glial cells are formed.
A

A. the meningeal and periosteal layers separate
to form large blood-filled spaces.

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12
Q
  1. The meninx composed of a delicate web of collagen and elastic fibers is the
    A. pia mater.
    B. arachnoid.
    C. dura mater.
    D. periosteal layer.
    E. subarachnoid layer.
A

B. arachnoid.

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13
Q
  1. The meninx composed of a thin layer of delicate areolar connective tissue that follows every
    contour of the brain surface is the
    A. pia mater.
    B. arachnoid.
    C. dura mater.
    D. periosteal layer.
    E. subdural layer.
A

A. pia mater.

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14
Q
  1. The horizontally oriented fold of dura mater that separates the occipital and temporal lobes
    of the cerebrum from the cerebellum is the
    A. diaphragma sellae.
    B. falx cerebelli.
    C.tentorium cerebelli.
    D. superior sagittal sinus.
    E. falx cerebri.
A

C.
tentorium cerebelli.

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15
Q
  1. The largest of the four dural septa, this large, sickle-shaped vertical fold of dura mater
    separates the left and right cerebral hemispheres.
    A. Diaphragma sellae
    B. Falx cerebelli
    C. Tentorium cerebelli
    D. Superior sagittal sinus
    E. Falx cerebri
A

E. Falx cerebri

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16
Q
  1. A sickle-shaped vertical partition that divides the left and right cerebellar hemispheres is the
    A. diaphragma sellae.
    B. falx cerebelli.
    C. tentorium cerebelli.
    D. superior sagittal sinus.
    E. falx cerebri.
A

B. falx cerebelli

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17
Q
  1. A brain ventricle located in the cerebrum is the _____ ventricle.
    A. third
    B. lateral
    C. fourth
    D. median
    E. falx
A

B. lateral

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18
Q
  1. The brain ventricle located in the diencephalon is the _____ ventricle.
    A. third
    B. lateral
    C. fourth
    D. median
    E. falx
A

A. third

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19
Q
  1. The brain ventricle located between the pons and the cerebellum is the _____ ventricle.
    A. third
    B. lateral
    C. fourth
    D. median
    E. falx
A

C. fourth

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20
Q
  1. The partition between the lateral ventricles is the
    A. central canal.
    B. interventricular
    foramen.
    C. mesencephalic aqueduct.
    D. ventricular canal.
    E. septum pellucidum.
A

E. septum pellucidum.

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21
Q
  1. Which is not a function of cerebrospinal fluid?
    A. CSF helps to remove waste products
    from the brain.
    B. CSF helps to reduce the effective weight of the brain.
    C. CSF transports nutrients and chemicals to the brain.
    D. CSF helps to promote mitosis within neuronal tissue.
    E. CSF provides a liquid cushion to protect the brain from sudden movements.
A

D. CSF helps to promote mitosis within neuronal tissue.

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22
Q
  1. Cerebrospinal fluid is formed by the
    A. choroid plexus.
    B. arachnoid villi.
    C. arachnoid granulation.
    D. septum pellucidum.
    E. mesencephalic aqueduct.
A

A. choroid plexus

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23
Q
  1. The amount of CSF within the brain at any given moment
    A. is about 500 ml.
    B. is somewhere around 1,000 ml.
    C. ranges between 100 ml and 160 ml.
    D. is about 50-60 ml.
    E. ranges between 300 ml and 420 ml.
A

C. ranges between 100 ml and 160 ml.

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24
Q
  1. Excess CSF is removed from the subarachnoid space by
    A. the median aperture.
    B. microglia.
    C. astrocytes.
    D. arachnoid villi.
    E. the choroid plexus.
A

D. arachnoid villi.

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25
Q
  1. List these events in the correct order for CSF flow in the CNS.
    a: CSF flows into the
    arachnoid villi
    b: CSF enters the blood
    c: CSF flows through the cerebral aqueduct to the
    fourth ventricle
    d: CSF flows into the subarachnoid space
    e: CSF is produced by the choroid
    plexus
    A. a, b, c, e, d
    B. e, a, b, c, d
    C. c, d, a, e, b
    D. e, c, d, a, b
    E. e, d, a, b, c
A

D. e, c, d, a, b

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26
Q
  1. Which is not a function of the blood-brain barrier?
    A. It prevents nicotine and alcohol from
    entering brain interstitial fluid.
    B. It prevents brain neurons from being exposed to drugs.
    C. It prevents brain neurons from being exposed to waste products in the blood.
    D. It protects brain neurons from exposure to abnormal hormone levels.
    E. It protects brain neurons from
    exposure to abnormal ion levels.
A

A. It prevents nicotine and alcohol from
entering brain interstitial fluid.

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27
Q
  1. The blood-brain barrier is made up of
    A. microglial extensions and capillary endothelial
    cells.
    B. ependymal cells and venous blood vessels.
    C. astrocyte perivascular feet and
    capillary endothelial cells.
    D. astrocyte extensions and dural sinuses.
    E. astrocyte perivascular feet and the falx cerebri.
A

C. astrocyte perivascular feet and
capillary endothelial cells.

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28
Q
  1. The blood-brain barrier is reduced or missing from three locations in the brain. Which is not
    one of these locations?
    A. Hypothalamus
    B. Pineal gland
    C. Cerebrum
    D. Choroid
    plexus
A

C. Cerebrum

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29
Q
  1. The location of conscious thought processes and the origin of all complex intellectual
    functions is the
    A. cerebellum.
    B. pons.
    C. hypothalamus.
    D. corpus callosum.
    E. cerebrum.
A

E.
cerebrum.

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30
Q
  1. The major pathway of communication between the right and left hemisphere is/are the
    A.cerebral gyri.
    B. cerebral sulci.
    C. longitudinal fissure.
    D. hypothalamus.
    E. corpus
    callosum.
A

E. corpus
callosum.

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31
Q
  1. Hemisphere lateralization refers to the
    A. difficulty in assigning a precise function to a
    specific region of the cortex.
    B. generalization that both cerebral hemispheres receive their
    sensory information from and project motor commands to the opposite side of the body.
    C. separation of the various lobes of the brain from each other.
    D. crisscrossing of information
    between the two hemispheres.
    E. functional differences between the right and left
    hemispheres.
A

E. functional differences between the right and left
hemispheres.

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32
Q
  1. Of the five cerebral lobes, the one not visible on the surface of the brain is the
    A. insula.
    B. temporal.
    C. frontal.
    D. occipital.
    E. parietal.
A

A. insula.

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33
Q
  1. Arrange the cerebral lobes visible on the superior surface of the brain in the correct
    anterior-posterior order.
    a: Parietal
    b: Frontal
    c: Occipital
    A. c, a, b
    B. b, a, c
    C. a, b, c
    D. c, b, a
    E. b, c, a
A

B. b, a, c

34
Q
  1. Which is a function of the brain’s frontal lobe?
    A. Smell
    B. Verbal communication
    C.
    Hearing
    D. Speech interpretation
    E. Vision
A

B. Verbal communication

35
Q
  1. The portion of the brain involved primarily with vision is the
    A. occipital lobe.
    B. temporal lobe.
    C. insula.
    D. parietal lobe.
    E. frontal lobe.
A

A. occipital lobe.

36
Q
  1. The primary somatosensory cortex is part of the
    A. occipital lobe.
    B. temporal lobe.
    C. insula.
    D. parietal lobe.
    E. frontal lobe.
A

D. parietal lobe

37
Q
  1. The primary gustatory cortex is part of the
    A. occipital lobe.
    B. temporal lobe.
    C. insula.
    D. parietal lobe.
    E. frontal lobe.
38
Q
  1. The primary motor cortex is part of the
    A. occipital lobe.
    B. temporal lobe.
    C. insula.
    D. parietal lobe.
    E. frontal lobe.
A

E. frontal lobe.

39
Q
  1. Association areas
    A. correlate information from opposite sides of the brain.
    B. correlate similar functions from different lobes on the same side of the brain.
    C. correlate similar functions from the same lobes on the opposite side of the brain.
    D. integrate new sensory
    inputs with memories of past experiences.
    E. integrate outgoing motor information.
A

D. integrate new sensory
inputs with memories of past experiences

40
Q
  1. The gnostic area of the brain provides comprehensive understanding of a current activity. It
    is composed of portions of the
    A. parietal and frontal lobes.
    B. occipital and parietal lobes.
    C. temporal and occipital lobes.
    D. parietal, occipital, and frontal lobes.
    E. parietal, occipital, and temporal lobes.
A

C. temporal and occipital lobes.

41
Q
  1. A person with damage to the premotor cortex area concerned with coordinating eye
    movements
    A. can read but cannot understand the words.
    B. cannot read or understand the
    words.
    C. can understand the words but cannot follow the lines on the page.
    D. cannot form proper images of words.
    E. cannot discriminate between letters and words.
A

C. can understand the words but cannot follow the lines on the page.

42
Q

Association tracts
A. connect different regions of the cerebral cortex with the opposite
hemisphere.
B. extend between the right and left cerebral hemispheres.
C. link the cerebral cortex to the caudal brain regions and the spinal cord.
D. connect different regions of the
cerebral cortex within the same hemisphere.
E. None of the choices is correct.

A

D. connect different regions of the
cerebral cortex within the same hemisphere

43
Q

Commissural tracts
A. extend between the right and left cerebral hemispheres.
B. Connect a region of one lobe with another lobe in the same hemisphere.
C. connect different regions
within a lobe.
D. connect different regions of the cerebral cortex within the same
hemisphere.
E. link the cerebral cortex to the caudal brain regions and the spinal cord.

A

A. extend between the right and left cerebral hemispheres.

44
Q

Projection tracts
A. extend between the right and left cerebral hemispheres.
B. link the cerebral cortex to the caudal brain regions and the spinal cord.
C. connect different regions
within a lobe.
D. connect different regions of the cerebral cortex within the same hemisphere.
E. connect a region of one lobe with another lobe in the same hemisphere.

A

B. link the cerebral cortex to the caudal brain regions and the spinal cord.

45
Q

Which structures form the lentiform nucleus?
A. Putamen and globus pallidus
B.Globus pallidus and caudate nucleus
C. Caudate nucleus and claustrum D. Putamen and claustrum
E. Amygdaloid body and globus pallidus

A

A. Putamen and globus pallidus

46
Q

Paired, irregular masses of gray matter buried deep within the central white matter in the
basal region of the cerebral hemispheres, inferior to the floor of the lateral ventricle, are the
A. cerebral nuclei.
B. corpus callosi.
C. inferior colliculi.
D. interthalamic adhesions.
E.ventricular connections.

A

A. cerebral nuclei.

47
Q

This nucleus stimulates the muscles to produce the pattern of arm and leg movements
associated with walking.
A. Amygdaloid body
B. Caudate nucleus
C. Putamen
D.Globus pallidus
E. Claustrum

A

B. Caudate nucleus

48
Q

This nucleus controls muscular movement at the subconscious level.
A. Amygdaloid body
B. Caudate nucleus
C. Putamen
D. Globus pallidus
E. Claustrum

A

C. Putamen

49
Q

This nucleus participates in the expression of emotions, control of behavior, and development of moods.
A. Amygdaloid body
B. Caudate nucleus
C. Putamen
D. Globus pallidus
E. Claustrum

A

E. Claustrum

50
Q
  1. This nucleus processes visual information at a subconscious level.
    A. Amygdaloid body
    B. Caudate nucleus
    C. Putamen
    D. Globus pallidus
    E. Claustrum
A

E. Claustrum

51
Q
  1. This nucleus both excites and inhibits the activities of the thalamus to control and adjust
    muscle tone.
    A. Amygdaloid body
    B. Caudate nucleus
    C. Putamen
    D. Globus pallidus
    E. Claustrum
A

D. Globus pallidus

52
Q
  1. Following a head injury, a young woman frequently loses her temper and is often depressed and otherwise “moody”. What part of the brain do you think has been damaged? A. Amygdaloid body
    B. Caudate nucleus
    C. Putamen
    D. Globus pallidus
    E. Claustrum
A

A. Amygdaloid body

53
Q
  1. Which part of the brain contains the epithalamus, hypothalamus, and the thalamus?
    A. Pons
    B. Medulla oblongata
    C. Diencephalon
    D. Cerebrum
    E. Cerebellum
A

C. Diencephalon

54
Q
  1. This portion of the brain forms part of the roof of the diencephalon and covers the third
    ventricle. Its posterior portion houses the pineal gland and the habenular nuclei.
    A.Epithalamus
    B. Thalamus
    C. Hypothalamus
    D. Cerebellum
    E. Infundibulum
A

A.Epithalamus

55
Q
  1. This portion of the brain secretes the hormone melatonin, which helps to regulate the
    body’s circadian rhythm.
    A. Habenular nucleus
    B. Anterior nucleus
    C. Pineal gland
    D.Mammillary body
    E. Paraventricular nucleus
A

C. Pineal gland

56
Q

Sensory impulses from all of the senses except _____________ converge on the thalamus
and synapse in at least one of its nuclei.
A. vision
B. taste
C. touch
D. hearing
E.olfaction

A

E.olfaction

57
Q
  1. Which part of the brain filters sensory information and forwards only a fraction of it to the
    cerebral cortex?
    A. Hypothalamus
    B. Epithalamus
    C. Thalamus
    D. Pineal body
    E. Pons
A

C. Thalamus

58
Q
  1. A football player can hear his coach’s voice above the noise of the crowd and can sense an
    opponent about to run him down. These abilities are due to the action of what part of the brain?
    A. Hypothalamus
    B. Epithalamus
    C. Thalamus
    D. Pineal body
    E. Pons
A

C. Thalamus

59
Q
  1. The infundibulum is attached to the
    A. pons.
    B. thalamus.
    C. pineal gland.
    D.pituitary gland.
    E. epithalamus.
A

D.pituitary gland.

60
Q
  1. Which is not a general function of the hypothalamus?
    A. Master control of motor responses
    B. Regulation of body temperature C. Control of food intake
    D. Control of water intake
    E. Master control of the autonomic nervous system
A

A. Master control of motor responses

61
Q
  1. A tumor is located in a young boy’s brain. Symptoms include the inability to swallow and inability to detect odors. What is the most likely location of the tumor?
    A. In the anterior nucleus of the hypothalamus
    B. In the pineal body
    C. In the pituitary gland
    D. In the mammillary body
    E. In the optic chiasm
A

D. In the mammillary body

62
Q
  1. The corpora quadrigemina is part of what portion of the brain? A. Diencephalon
    B.Brainstem
    C. Thalamus
    D. Telencephalon
    E. Epithalamus
A

B.Brainstem

63
Q

Centers that regulate the rate and depth of breathing, known as the pneumotaxic and apneustic centers, are located in the
__________.
A. pons
B. thalamus
C. medulla oblongata
D. hypothalamus
E. cerebral peduncles

64
Q

The most caudal part of the brain, the _________, is continuous with the spinal cord.
A.pons
B. thalamus
C. medulla oblongata
D. hypothalamus
E. cerebellum

A

C. medulla oblongata

65
Q
  1. This portion of the brain contains the posterior part of the fourth ventricle.
    A. Pons
    B. Thalamus
    C. Medulla oblongata
    D. Hypothalamus
    E. Cerebellum
A

E. Cerebellum

66
Q
  1. Which autonomic function is not controlled by a center in the medulla oblongata?
    A. Regulation of heart rate
    B. Control of kidney function
    C. Regulation of respiratory rate
    D. Control of vomiting
    E. Control of swallowing
A

B. Control of kidney function

67
Q

This part of the brain contains the flocculonodular lobes.
A. Pons
B. Medulla oblongata
C. Cerebrum
D. Cerebellum
E. Epithalamus

A

D. Cerebellum

68
Q
  1. This part of the brain contains the arbor vitae.
    A. Pons
    B. Medulla oblongata
    C. Cerebrum
    D. Cerebellum
    E. Epithalamus
A

Cerebellum

68
Q

This portion of the brain ensures that skeletal muscle contraction follows the correct pattern
leading to smooth, coordinated movements.
A. Pons
B. Medulla oblongata
C. Cerebrum
D. Cerebellum
E. Epithalamus

A

D. Cerebellum

68
Q

This portion of the brain adjusts skeletal muscle activity to maintain equilibrium and posture.
A. Pons
B. Medulla oblongata
C. Cerebrum
D. Cerebellum
E. Epithalamus

A

D. Cerebellum

69
Q
  1. The __________ is/are composed of multiple structures that collaboratively process and
    experience emotions.
    A. medulla oblongata
    B. cerebellum
    C. hypothalamus
    D. limbic system
    E. cerebellar peduncles
A

D. limbic system

70
Q
  1. Which part of the limbic system is involved in storing memories and forming long-term
    memories?
    A. Cingulate gyrus
    B. Amygdaloid body
    C. Fornix
    D. Mammillary body
    E. Hippocampus
A

E. Hippocampus

71
Q
  1. During a mugging, a person experiences an extreme level of fear. What portion of the limbic
    system is responsible for this and other emotional states?
    A. Cingulate gyrus
    B. Amygdaloid body
    C. The fornix
    D. Mammillary bodies
    E. Hippocampus
A

B. Amygdaloid body

72
Q
  1. What is the most anterior cranial nerve?
    A. Trochlear
    B. Optic
    C. Olfactory
    D. Oculomotor
    E. Accessory
A

C. Olfactory

73
Q
  1. A patient visits her doctor and explains that since being hit on the cheek with a hockey puck
    she has been suffering from dry eyes and a dry mouth. It’s apparent to the doctor that, since
    both lacrimal secretion and salivary secretion are affected, there may be damage to the
    ____________ nerve.
    A. trigeminal
    B. hypoglossal
    C. glossopharyngeal
    D. abducens
    E. facial
74
Q
  1. Which cranial nerve is composed of only motor fibers?
    A. VI
    B. VIII
    C. IX
    D. V
    E. I
75
Q
  1. The cranial nerve responsible for movement of the medial rectus, superior rectus, inferior
    rectus and inferior oblique eye muscles is the __________ nerve.
    A. oculomotor
    B.trochlear
    C. abducens
    D. trigeminal
    E. hypoglossal
A

A. oculomotor

76
Q
  1. The cranial nerve that innervates smooth muscle and glands of the heart, lungs, larynx,
    trachea, and most abdominal organs is the ___________ nerve.
    A. facial
    B. trigeminal
    C.vagus
    D. accessory
    E. hypoglossal
77
Q
  1. The cranial nerve that passes through the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone is the
    __________ nerve.
    A. optic
    B. olfactory
    C. trigeminal
    D. oculomotor
    E. abducens
A

B. olfactory

78
Q
  1. Bell palsy is a condition characterized by the paralysis of facial muscles, eyelid droop, and
    sagging at the corners of the mouth. What nerve is affected in this condition?
    A. Olfactory
    B. Trigeminal
    C. Facial
    D. Accessory
    E. Hypoglossal
78
Q
  1. Bell palsy is a condition characterized by the paralysis of facial muscles, eyelid droop, and
    sagging at the corners of the mouth. What nerve is affected in this condition?
    A. Olfactory
    B. Trigeminal
    C. Facial
    D. Accessory
    E. Hypoglossal

Biol 348 Anatomy (25 decks)

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