Blood (348) Flashcards
1
Q
- Blood is correctly classified as a(n)
A. organ.
B. tissue.
C. organ system.
D. intracellular fluid.
A
B. tissue.
2
Q
- The “buffy” coat of the middle layer of a centrifuged blood sample is composed of
A.platelets and leukocytes.
B. leukocytes.
C. platelets.
D. erythrocytes.
E. erythrocytes and
leukocytes.
A
A.
platelets and leukocytes.
3
Q
- Plasma makes up about ______ percent of a centrifuged sample of whole blood.
A. 25
B. 35
C. 45
D. 55
E. 75
A
D. 55
4
Q
- If a patient becomes dehydrated, the percentage of plasma in a centrifuged sample of his or
her blood would likely
A. increase. B. decrease. C. not change.
A
B. decrease
5
Q
- Which term best describes the function of blood when considering the presence of
leukocytes and antibodies?
A. Regulation
B. Prevention
C. Protection
D. Transportation
A
C. Protection
6
Q
- Which term best describes the function of blood when considering the presence of carbon dioxide and endocrine hormones?
A. Regulation
B. Protection
C. Prevention
D. Transportation
A
D. Transportation
7
Q
- Which most closely approximates the percentage of water in plasma by weight?
A. 1%
B. 25%
C. 46%
D. 92%
E. 98%
A
D. 92%
8
Q
- One of the functions of blood is to regulate fluid levels in the body. If too much fluid escapes
from the bloodstream and enters the tissues, blood pressure will
A. increase.
B. decrease.
A
B. decrease.
9
Q
- The smallest and most abundant plasma proteins are the
A. globulins.
B. endocrine
hormones.
C. albumins.
D. fibrinogens.
E. prothrombins.
A
C. albumins.
10
Q
- The globulins make up about ________ percent of all plasma proteins.
A. 58
B. 37
C. 4
D. 1
E. 85
A
B. 37
11
Q
- The concentration of dissolved oxygen is _______ in plasma than in interstitial fluid.
A.higher
B. lower
C. the same
A
A.higher
12
Q
- Among the constituents of plasma, sodium, potassium, and bicarbonate ions are classified
as
A. nutrients.
B. respiratory gases.
C. wastes.
D. electrolytes.
E. None of these
choices is correct.
A
D. electrolytes.
13
Q
- The difference in concentration of various constituents in the plasma and interstitial fluid
ensures that the constituents will
A. be able to chemically react at the appropriate place.
B. be able to diffuse through the capillary wall.
C. remain in their respective locations.
D. require an active transport mechanism to move.
A
B. be able to diffuse through the capillary wall.
14
Q
- An individual’s hematocrit is dependent on his or her
A. age.
B. sex.
C. altitude.
D.All of the choices are correct.
A
D.All of the choices are correct.
15
Q
- One of the unhealthy effects of blood doping is to
A. increase the viscosity of the blood.
B. decrease the blood pressure in the arteries.
C. decrease the oxygen carrying capacity of
the blood.
D. increase the carbon dioxide carrying capacity of the blood.
E. increase the
oxygen carrying capacity of the blood.
A
A. increase the viscosity of the blood.
16
Q
- The reason it is more appropriate to call an erythrocyte a “formed element” rather than a
“cell” is that erythrocytes
A. are actually dead.
B. lack a nucleus and organelles.
C. have lots of inclusion molecules.
D. are not red.
E. can form a rouleau when moving through a
capillary.
A
B. lack a nucleus and organelles.
17
Q
- The hemoglobin found in erythrocytes is able to chemically attach to
A. oxygen.
B. carbon dioxide.
C. nitrogen.
D. both oxygen and carbon dioxide.
E. oxygen, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen.
A
D. both oxygen and carbon dioxide.
18
Q
- How many globin molecules are found in a single hemoglobin molecule?
A. 1
B. 2
C.4
D. 6
E. 8
A
C.4
19
Q
- How many oxygen molecules may bind to a single molecule of hemoglobin?
A. 2
B. 4
C. 6
D. 8
E. 16
A
B. 4
20
Q
- The carbon dioxide molecules that bind to the hemoglobin molecule are attached to the
__________ units.
A. heme
B. globin
C. iron
D. calcium
E. None of these answers is
correct.
A
B. globin
21
Q
- The life span of an erythrocyte is about _________ days.
A. 10
B. 30
C. 60
D. 120
E. 360
A
D. 120
22
Q
- Congenital hemolytic anemia is
A. when destruction of erythrocytes is more rapid than normal.
B. when there is an inherited anemia associated with a defect in iron uptake.
C. caused by a failure of the body to absorb Vitamin B12
D. characterized by a large number of immature, nucleated cells.
E. characterized by significantly decreased formation of erythrocytes and hemoglobin due to defective red bone marrow.
A
A. when destruction of erythrocytes is more rapid than normal.
23
Q
- Old erythrocytes are phagocytized in the
A. liver.
B. spleen.
C. lung.
D. liver and
spleen.
E. spleen and lung.
A
D. liver and
spleen.
24
Q
- Which events occur during the recycling of aged or damaged erythrocytes? (Order is not
important.)
a: The heme group is converted into biliverdin.
b: Bilirubin is stored in the liver.
c: The iron ions in hemoglobin are removed.
d: The iron ions are stored in the liver.
e: The iron ions are stored in the red bone marrow.
f: Membrane proteins and globin proteins are broken down and reused.
g: The erythrocyte contents, excluding the globins, are excreted via the
digestive tract unchanged.
A. a, b, c, e, f
B. a, c, d, f
C. a, b, c, g
D. c, d, g
E. c, e, g
A
B. a, c, d, f
25
Q
- Which are characteristic of type O blood?
a: Has anti-A antibodies
b: Has anti-B antibodies
c: Has surface antigen O on its erythrocytes
d: Has surface antigen A on its erythrocytes
e: Has neither surface antigen A nor B on its erythrocytes
A. a, b, c
B. a, b, e
C. b, c, e
D. b, c, d
E. c
A
B. a, b, e
26
Q
- Which are characteristic of type A blood?
a: Has anti-A antibodies
b: Has anti-B antibodies
c: Has surface antigen A on its erythrocytes
d: Has surface antigen B on its
erythrocytes
e: Has neither surface antigen A nor B on its erythrocytes
f: Will agglutinate with blood type B
A. b, c, d, f
B. a, c, d, f
C. a, d, f
D. b, c, f
E. a, c, f
A
D. b, c, f
27
Q
- Which are characteristic of type Rh negative blood?
a: Always has Rh (anti-D) antibodies
b: Only under certain conditions will Rh (anti-D) antibodies be present
c: Always has Rh (D)
antigen
d: Only under certain conditions will the Rh (D) antigen be present
e: Is inherited
independent of the ABO group
A. a, c
B. b, c, e
C. a, d, e
D. b, e
E. a, e
A
D. b, e
28
Q
- If agglutination occurs after a blood transfusion, it may indicate
A. the wrong blood type
was used.
B. the recipient had type AB blood.
C. there were no agglutinins (antibodies) in the
recipient blood.
D. the donor had type O blood.
A
A. the wrong blood type
was used.
29
Q
- The agglutinogens that determine the ABO and Rh blood types are
A. found on the surface of erythrocytes.
B. found in the cytoplasm of the erythrocytes.
C. located on the surface of the leukocytes.
D. located in the cytoplasm of the leukocytes.
E. part of the reticular connective tissue of the spleen.
A
A. found on the surface of erythrocytes.
30
Q
- Which is going to result in significant agglutination?
A. Donor is Type A and recipient has
antibody anti-B
B. Donor is Type B and recipient has antibody anti-A
C. Donor is Type O and
recipient is Type O
D. Donor is Type A and recipient is Type AB
E. Donor is Type AB and recipient is Type B
A
E. Donor is Type AB and recipient is Type B
31
Q
- Which are characteristic of leukocytes?
a: Smaller than erythrocytes
b: Have a nucleus
c: Have no hemoglobin
d: More numerous than erythrocytes
e: Depending on type, may or may
not contain granules
A. a, b, c, d
B. b, c, e
C. b, c, d, e
D. a, b, c, d, e
E. a, b, e
A
B. b, c, e
32
Q
- Which leukocytes are granulocytes?
a: Neutrophils
b: Eosinophils
c: Lymphocytes
d: Monocytes
e: Basophils
f: Erythrocytes
A. a, b, c
B. b, d, e
C. a, b, e, f
D. c, d
E. a, b, e
A
E. a, b, e
33
Q
- The leukocyte that releases histamine is the
A. eosinophil.
B. basophil.
C. lymphocyte.
D. neutrophil.
E. monocyte.
A
B. basophil.
34
Q
- The leukocyte that is very active during a bacterial infection is the
A. eosinophil.
B. basophil.
C. lymphocyte.
D. neutrophil.
E. monocyte.
A
D. neutrophil.
35
Q
- T-cells are a category of
A. eosinophils.
B. basophils.
C. lymphocytes.
D.neutrophils.
E. monocytes.
A
C. lymphocytes.
36
Q
- The leukocyte that will migrate in the blood and take up residence in the tissues as
macrophages is the
A. eosinophil.
B. basophil.
C. monocyte.
D. lymphocyte.
E. neutrophil.
A
C. monocyte.
37
Q
- Usually the most numerous of the leukocytes are the
A. eosinophils.
B. basophils.
C. lymphocytes.
D. neutrophils.
E. monocytes.
A
D. neutrophils.
38
Q
- Usually the least numerous of the leukocytes are the
A. eosinophils.
B. basophils.
C. monocytes.
D. lymphocytes.
E. neutrophils.
A
B. basophils.
39
Q
- Why is the name “thrombocyte” inappropriate for platelets?
A. They are not very numerous.
B. They have multiple nuclei.
C. Their plasma membrane is irregularly shaped.
D. They are smaller than erythrocytes.
E. They have no nucleus.
A
E. They have no nucleus.
40
Q
- The process of producing the formed elements of blood is called
A. leukopenia.
B. hemopoiesis.
C. leukocytosis.
D. erythroblastosis.
E. agglutination.
A
B.
hemopoiesis.
41
Q
- The growth factor that increases the formation of erythrocytes, all classes of granulocytes, monocytes, and platelets from myeloid stem cells is
A. EPO
B. M-CSF
C. G-CSF
D. Multi-CSF
E. GM-CSF
A
D. Multi-CSF
42
Q
- Which depicts the order of cell formation in erythropoiesis?
a: Proerythroblast
b: Normoblast
c: Myeloid stem cell
d: Reticulocyte
e: Erythroblast
f: Mature erythrocyte
A. c, a, e, b, d, f
B. a, b, c, e, d, f
C. a, c, d, b, e, f
D. c, b, a, d, e, f
E. c, a, b, e, d, f
A
A. c, a, e, b, d, f
43
Q
- Which leukocytes are derived from the myeloid line?
A. Neutrophils
B. Basophils and eosinophils
C. Lymphocytes and monocytes
D. Lymphocytes
E. Neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, and monocytes
A
E. Neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, and monocytes
44
Q
- Which type of leukocyte increases in number because of the presence of an allergen?
A. Basophil
B. Lymphocyte
C. Eosinophil
D. Neutrophil
E. Monocyte
A
C. Eosinophil
45
Q
- In the centrifuged sample of blood illustrated, number 2 indicates
A. erythrocytes.
B.plasma.
C. leukocytes.
D. platelets.
E. leukocytes and platelets.
A
A. erythrocytes.
46
Q
- In the centrifuged sample of blood illustrated, which number indicates the layer containing
water, plasma proteins, nutrients, and waste products?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. None of the answers is correct.
A
A. 1
47
Q
- In the centrifuged sample of blood illustrated, what blood components are contained in the layer labeled number 3?
A. Leukocytes and platelets
B. Plasma and water
C. Erythrocytes
D. Plasma, water, waste materials, and electrolytes
E. Leukocytes and waste materials
A
A. Leukocytes and platelets
