Changing Spaces , Making Places KQ2 Flashcards
What is a place ?
A setting that affords the entire spectrum of human activities , including physical , economical and cultural activities , while affecting and being affected by social and cultural behaviour
What is a subjective place ?
Based on personal opinions , povs , emotions and judgements
Some aspect of a place that humans have added for whatever reason
What is an objective place ?
Fact based , measurable
An address, or a set of map coordinates
What is a space ?
Location which has no spacious connections for human
No value has been added
How does the environment impact views on a place ?
Weather localisation
Physical environment
Built environment
How does yourself influence your view of a place ?
Social relations
Life path
Emotions
Self-identification
Friends/relatives
What other factors can influence your view of a place ?
Historical events
Types of inhabitants
Perceived characteristics
Reputation
Media
What is perception ?
Belief of what a place is like , could be based on books , movies , stories or pictures m but also your identity
What is sense of place ?
Infusing a place with meaning and emotion
What are some possible reasons to move to a city ?
Vibrant community atmosphere
job prsopects
Good education
Plenty of housing
What are some reasons why you would want to leave the countryside ?
Lack of of things to do
Few jobs available
Small schools
No unis
Old unfashionable homes
Ageing community
What is the representation of rural places like ?
Can be viewed as tranquil, peaceful and idyllic
But this can be exaggerated , this means conflict can arise over plans to develop new jobs and housing in rural areas
What are the 5 things which may influence your perception of a place ?
Gender
Religion
Age
Sexuality
Performed role
How does age affect your perception of a place ?
Peoples perceptions change as they get older
A child perception is to play and very innocent however an adult may be to worry about dangers for their kids
You move through a life cycle and therefore may move to different places depending on your situation
What is a life cycle ?
Progress of a person through various stages based on age and family unit from infancy to old age
How does gender affect your perception of a place ?
Women more likely to report negative perception of safety
Both genders look at same words from differing perspectives
Many buildings /statues reflect patriarchal norms
2.7% of uks statues were non royal women
Traditionally , many places defined as”male” or “female”
Fear can influence mental maps of routes
Women used to be expected to stay at home
How does religion affect your perception of a place ?
Some natural landscapes are sacred to certain groups (stone circles or uluru )
Many religious places associated with refuge , peace and healing
Jerusalem
Pilgrimages - 6 million people visit Lourdes each year (catholics)
How is Jerusalem important to Jews ?
Capital of the united kingdom of the tribes of Israel in 3000BC
First temple was built on th Temple Mount by Solomon
Ancient capital of the Jewish state
How is Jerusalem important to christians ?
Site of christs crucifixion and resurrection
How is Jerusalem important to Muslims /
Site of Muhammads “night journey”
Islams third most sacred shrine - the dome of the rock
How does sexuality influence a persons perception of a place ?
LGBTQ+ zones such as gay friendly bars and restaurants
People cluster together for a sense of community (strength in numbers )
People need places where they can express themselves
“Pink pound”- helps to rebrand and regenerate a area
How does performed role influence perception of a place ?
As we go through life , we gain and lose roles
You are likely to act in a place differently when you are with friends compared to parents
Role influences perceptions of fear,insecurity and anxiety
What is the case study for separatist issues?
The Kurds
What is diaspora ?
A spread of people away from their homeland
What countries is Kurdistan shared among ?
Syria
Turkey
Iraq
Iran
Armenia
How many Kurds are there ?
28-30 million
What is the evidence for the Kurds feeling separated ?
Violence
Man setting himself on fire
Kurdistan workers party (use armed conflict to bring about a Kurdish nation )`
What are the consequences of a Kurdish separatism ?
Redrawing borders
Loss of territory
Loss of oil resources
What is the PKK ?
Kurdistan workers party
What happened in feb 1999 (Kurds)?
Akbar sernan azis set himself on fire
When police tried to clear members of the PKK in Athens over the capture of their leader
What happened in the 12-13th century ?(kurdish history )
Turkish nomads took over Kurdish state
What happened in the 16-18th century (Kurdish history)?
Kurdish principalities destroyed by Safavids and ottomans
What happened after World War One (Kurdish history )?
France and Britain took over ottoman Kurdish areas
What are the 6 issues that Kurds currently face ?
Oppression by nationalist governments
Split political aims within Kurdish people
Most Kurds want equal rights and autonomy
History of conflict between Kurds and Turkish police
Expected to conform to cultural traditions of the country of residence
What is the Kurdish gdp per capita ?
$7,000
What fraction of Kurds are Sunni Muslims ?
3/5
What makes up the Kurdish economy ?
Oil
Agriculture
Tourism
80%- petrol industry
What do the PKK want ?
No longer pressing for independence
What equal rights
How many Kurds are below the poverty line ?
12%
What is the main geographical reason for Kurdish separation ?
Have physical land to show more power
What is the main historical /social reason for Kurdish separation
‘
They have been and are still facing persecution
What is the main economic reason for Kurdish separatism ?
Oil and natural gas from land in Kurdistan
What is the main cultural reason for Kurdish separation ?
So their culture is the majority
Try to decline oppression and persecution of Kurdish culture
What are some consequences of Kurdish separatist pressures ?
Persecution
Oppression
Kurds deported (16-18th century )
Society divided and fragmented
What is the physical geography of Kurdistan like ?
Mountains
Fertile land
Semi arid
What is globalisation ?
The increasing Inter connectedness and interdependence of the world ,economically , socially politicallly and culturally
What does “global village “ mean ?
Used to convey th idea that the world has become smaller , not in a physical sense but bcos of its greater inter connectedness
What is time space compression ?
Space is no longer the arrier it once was to communication and movement of people , goods and ideas
What is an AC ?
Advanced country
What is an EDC?
Emerging/developing countries
What is an LIDC ?
Low income developing countries
What are the advantages of time space compression to a currency trader at a bank in London ?
Improved tech allows trade around the world to be instant
Electronic buying and selling of shares
Money brought in quicker
What are the disadvanatages of time space compression to a currency trader in london ?
Increased competition
What are the advantages of time space compression for an elite sportsperson from an lidc ?
Access to training programmes
Sponshorships from TNC’s
Become more well known from media
Can call fam at competitions
Wha are the disadvantages of time space compression to a elite sportsperson from an lidc ?
Expensive to travel to other countries for competitions
What are the negatives of developments in transport and communications ?
Impact on environment
Carbon emissions
Cost
Increased online shopping (death of high street)
What are the positives of developments in transport and communications ?
More accessible to see people
Better for tncs
Safer ways of travel
What were barriers to transport and communications in the past ?
Steam ships would have taken much longer than aeroplanes
No telephones or internet
What does representation mean ?
Refers to the description or portrayal of something in a particular way
What is formal representation ?
Statistics which describe data associated with particular places (e.g. from census)
What is informal representation ?
Various types of media that represent places subjectively
Give some examples of informal representation ?
TV soaps
Graffiti
Film
Music
Photography
Literature
Give some examples of formal data ?
Census data
Crime figures
Distribution of soil types
Rainfall totals
Location of victims of Ebola
Road networks
What is an endogenous factor ?
Factors that shape the place internally (mountains , employment , population)
What is an exogenous factor ?
Link a place to the rest of the world (investment , migration , globalisation )
How do tv soaps represent places ?
Through the lives of local people
Due to continuation over the years , they build up strong fictional representations
How do films represent places ?
Wide angled shots of places - for geographical context
Rely on films to promote tourism industry
E.g. New Zealand South Island = lord of the rings
When is the census taken ?
Every ten years (the year ending in 1 = 2021
When was th first census ?
1801
What are the limiatations of census data ?
Boundaries used can change so it becomes more difficult to directly compare areas
Gets out of date
Just a snapshot of that particular time /day
What is a super output area - upper layer ?
Minimum population - 25,000
What is a super output areas - middle layer ?
There are 7193 units in total
Built from lower layer super output areas
Mean population = 7200
Minimum size = 5000 residents
What is a super output areas - lower layer ?
Are 34,378 units in total
Built from four to six output areas
Mean pop = 1500
Min size - 1000 residents
What is an output area ?
175,434 which are the base unit for aggregation
Min size = 40 households and 100 residents
