Changing Rural Landscapes in the UK Flashcards
What are the two main trends in rural population change in the UK?
Some rural areas are experiencing population decline (e.g., the Outer Hebrides), while others are seeing population growth (e.g., North Somerset).
Why are some rural areas experiencing population decline?
Factors include outward migration of young people, lack of job opportunities, and declining local services.
What is an example of a rural area in the UK experiencing population decline?
The Outer Hebrides, off the coast of Scotland, has seen a population decline of over 50% since 1901.
What are the social impacts of population decline in the Outer Hebrides?
Fewer children lead to school closures, fewer working-age residents mean labour shortages, and an ageing population creates healthcare challenges.
What are the economic impacts of population decline in the Outer Hebrides?
Businesses such as Post Offices are closing, tourism infrastructure is underdeveloped, and the fishing industry is shrinking.
Why are some rural areas in the UK experiencing population growth?
Areas like North Somerset are growing due to good transport links, attractive environments, and access to urban jobs.
How has the population of North Somerset changed?
The population has increased by 7% since 2011, with many people commuting to Bristol for work.
What are the social impacts of rural population growth?
Increased population leads to greater demand for schools and healthcare, but also traffic congestion and pressure on services.
What are the economic impacts of rural population growth?
New residents create business opportunities, but rising house prices make it harder for locals to afford homes.
How much have house prices risen in rural areas like North Somerset?
House prices have increased by 5.5% between 2017 and 2018, making housing less affordable for local people.
What challenges do businesses face in remote rural areas?
Businesses in remote areas struggle with poor transport links, depopulation, and lack of high-speed internet.
What is urban-rural migration, and how is it affecting the UK?
Urban-rural migration occurs when people move from cities to the countryside, often for a better quality of life and lower living costs.
Why is an ageing population a challenge for rural areas?
More elderly residents increase demand for healthcare services, while fewer young workers reduce the local workforce.
How does tourism impact rural areas?
Tourism can boost local economies, but areas like the Outer Hebrides lack the infrastructure to fully benefit from increased visitor numbers.
How does transport infrastructure affect rural development?
Poor transport infrastructure limits job opportunities, discourages investment, and makes commuting difficult.
What impact does population growth have on transport in rural areas?
In areas like Barnwell, increased population has led to traffic congestion and strain on road networks.
How is the UK government supporting rural communities?
The government is investing in broadband expansion, transport improvements, and rural job creation schemes.
How does farming contribute to the rural economy?
Farming remains important, but mechanisation has reduced job opportunities, leading to rural depopulation in some areas.
What role does infrastructure play in supporting rural economies?
Better roads, internet access, and public transport attract businesses and make rural areas more accessible for workers and tourists.
Why is balancing rural development and conservation important?
Expanding rural economies must be balanced with protecting natural landscapes and biodiversity to maintain sustainable growth.
