Ch.8- Motivation & Emotion

Question 1

motivation

Answer 1

state in which an organism experiences an inducement or incentive to do something

Question 2

motive

Answer 2

hypothetical state that activates behavior toward a goal

Question 3

needs

Answer 3

can be physio or psych (give rise to drives that lead to action)

Question 4

incentives

Answer 4

object, person, or situation viewed as capable of satisfying a need or desirable for its own sake

Question 5

evolutionary perspective (aka instinct theory)

Answer 5

BH det. by innate factors (instincts)

Question 6

fixed action pattern

Answer 6

unlearned, genetically-based BH patterns triggered by stimuli (mating dance & female)

Question 7

drive reduction theory

Answer 7

biological need produces a drive that moves organism to meet that need

Question 8

need (drive red. theory)

Answer 8

bio imbalance (dehydration, cold, hunger, pain)

Question 9

biological drive (drive red. theory)

Answer 9

state of tension that motivates organism to satisfy a need

Question 10

Maslows Hierarchy of Needs

Answer 10

satisfy lower needs for higher needs to exert influence

Question 11

Motivational Hierarchy

Answer 11

motivation fluid (subject to change) based on adaptive function (survival, reproduction) immediacy (environment & thoughts) and dev level

Question 12

McClellands Theory

Answer 12

examined high and low levels of achievement using ambiguous TAT pics

Question 13

Need for Achievement

Answer 13

mental state that produces a psychological motive to excel or reach goals that are difficult / desired

Question 14

Intrinsic Motivation

Answer 14

desire to engage in an activity for its own sake (enjoy a challenge)

Question 15

extrinsic motivation

Answer 15

desire to engage in an activity to achieve an external consequence (praise, reward, food, grades)

Question 16

need for affiliation

Answer 16

prefer cooperative not competitive environment

Question 17

need for power

Answer 17

plan projects, manage people to accomplish goal

Question 18

multiple systems models of hunger & eating

Answer 18

bio & psy factors influence (see slide)

Question 19

self control (impulse control)

Answer 19

has biological basis, uses energy, damage to limbic system makes harder

Question 20

sexual response cycle (4 stages)

Answer 20

excitement, plateau, orgasm, resolution

Question 21

sexual response cycle

Answer 21

M&F similar bio responses with some diff (women loner & frequent)

Question 22

maternal immune hypothesis (or fraternal birth order)

Answer 22

women with more male children= youngest likely to be gay because body fights male antigens

Question 23

sex hormones have _ effects (3)

Answer 23

activating (increase likelihood of sexual BH like drive & responses) organizing (direct mating patterns & sexual orientation)

Question 24

emotions

Answer 24

a state of feeling that involve cognitive, physio arousal, subjective feeling and BH expression

• help and organism deal with important external events
• can be + or - (approach/ avoidance)

Question 25

emotion wheel (plutchick)

Answer 25

primary (inner) combine to form complex (outer)

Question 26

2 emotion processing pathways

Answer 26

conscious & unconscious

Question 27

unconscious EPP

Answer 27

fast. thalamus & amygdala (bypass visual cortex)= fear & avoidance

Question 28

conscious EPP

Answer 28

slower> thalamus, visual cortex, amygdala> aware of feeling

Question 29

james lang

Answer 29

physio --> fear

Question 30

facial feedback hypothesis

Answer 30

muscles & facial expressions affect feeling

Question 31

cannon-bard theory

Answer 31

.physio & fear at same time

Question 32

neuroscience of emotion

Answer 32

looks important, see slide

Question 33

two factor theory of emotion

Answer 33

physio & cognitive interpretation (i feel afraid) at same time --> fear