CH.1- What is Psychology?

Question 1

what are the 2 root words of Psychology and their meaning?

Answer 1

• Psyche= mind

- ology= field of study

Question 2

what is psychology?

Answer 2

study of the mind and observable behaviors

Question 3

what are the goals of Psychology? (2)

Answer 3

(1) to explain, predict and control what is studied in order to (2) improve the human condition

Question 4

what do industrial human factor psych do?

Answer 4

equipment design, make things more user friendly

Question 5

what are the steps in the scientific method?

Answer 5

1) Formulate a research question
2) State a hypothesis
3) Test hypothesis
4) Draw conclusions

Question 6

What is a theory

Answer 6

combined set of hypothesized statements or facts about the relationship among behavior, mental processes and biological processes

Question 7

What are the 2 types of research? and what are their aims?

Answer 7

PURE (basic)= answer fundamental questions about nature (no concern for application)
APPLIED= conducted to find solutions to personal or social problems

Question 8

what is a case study?

Answer 8

investigate small groups and rare ocurances

Question 9

what is a survey and questionnaire?

Answer 9

proposed set of questions either verbal (survey), written (questionnaire) also.. interviews?

Question 10

observe participants in their natural habitat, hidden from view

Answer 10

naturalistic observation

Question 11

determining a relationship between 2 variables

Answer 11

correlation method

Question 12

used to better understand cause and effect relationships

Answer 12

experimental method

Question 13

what is independent and dependent variables?

Answer 13

INDEP= what researchers changes, controls or manipulates
DEP= measured results or outcomes

Question 14

experimental group vs controls group

Answer 14

experimental= receive treatment
control= do not receive treatment

Question 15

stratified sample

Answer 15

subgroups are represented proportionally

Question 16

selection factor

Answer 16

source of bias where participants can self choose conditions or treatments

Question 17

known for reason and rational thought

Answer 17

socrates

Question 18

careful examination of one’s own thought and emotions to gain self- knowledge

Answer 18

introspection

Question 19

father of observation and research

Answer 19

aristotle

Question 20

empiricism

Answer 20

to understand, you must observe

Question 21

who was the first to say sensations and perceptions could be measured?

Answer 21

Gustav Fletchner

Question 22

who was first to establish a psych lab?

Answer 22

wilhelm wundt

Question 23

structuralism focused on what 3 things?

Answer 23

objective sensations, subjective feelings, and mental images; wilhlem wundt and edward titchner

Question 24

functionalism? founders?

Answer 24

study of the functions of the mind, not structures. looked at adaptive behaviors; william james

Question 25

Behaviorism? founders?

Answer 25

scientific study of behavior, not mental processes; john watson & BF Skinner

Question 26

gestalt psy focused on what?

Answer 26

how perceptions influence thinking and problem solving