Ch.12-Abnormal Psych (book)

Question 1

psychological disorders

Answer 1

pattern of behavior or mental processes connected with emotional distress or significant impairment in functioning

Question 2

hallucination

Answer 2

a perception in the absence of sensory stimulation that is confused with reality

Question 3

ideas of persecution

Answer 3

(most common) erroneous belief that one is being victimized or persecuted

Question 4

anxiety disorders

Answer 4

characterized by excessive worrying, fear of losing control, nervousness, and inability to relax

Question 5

specific phobias

Answer 5

persistent fear of a specific object or situation

Question 6

social anxiety disorder

Answer 6

an irrational, excessive fear of public scrutiny (embarrassment or humiliation)

Question 7

panic disorder

Answer 7

recurrent experiencing of attacks or extreme anxiety in the absence of external stimuli that usually elicit anxiety

Question 8

generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)

Answer 8

feelings of dread and foreboding and sympathetic arousal for at least 6 months duration

Question 9

OCD

Answer 9

an anxiety disorder defined by recurrent, anxiety-provoking thoughts or images that seem irrational and beyond control (obsessions) and seemingly irresistible urges to engage in thoughts or BH that tend to reduce the anxiety (compulsions)

Question 10

PTSD

Answer 10

follows a distressing event outside the range of a normal human experience and is characterized by features such as intense fear and avoidance

Question 11

dissociative disorders

Answer 11

there are sudden, temporary changes in consciousness or self identity

Question 12

dissociative identity disorder (DID)

Answer 12

(formerly multiple personality disorder) a person appears to have 2 or more distinct identities or personalities that may alternately emerge

Question 13

dissociative amnesia

Answer 13

marked by loss of memory or self-identity; skills and general knowledge are usually retained

Question 14

depersonalization- derealization disorder

Answer 14

one feels detached from oneself or that one’s surroundings are not real

Question 15

somatoform disorder

Answer 15

people complain of physical (somatic) problems even though no physical abnormality can be found

Question 16

illness anxiety disorder

Answer 16

a somatoform disorder characterized by persistent belief that one is ill despite lack of medical findings

Question 17

bipolar disorder

Answer 17

the mood alternate between two extreme poles (elation and depression) also referred to an manic depression

Question 18

manic

Answer 18

elated; showing excessive excitement

Question 19

flight of ideas

Answer 19

rapid speech and topic changes, characterized of manic behavior

Question 20

major depressive disorder

Answer 20

serious to severe depressive disorder in which the person may show loss of appetite, psychomotor retardation, and impaired reality testing

Question 21

learned helplessness

Answer 21

organisms in aversive situations learn to show inactivity when their BH is not reinforced

Question 22

attributional styles

Answer 22

(Optimist/ Pessimist?) tendency to attribute one’s BH to internal/ external, stable/ unstable, global/ specific factors

Question 23

positive symptoms (schizophrenia)

Answer 23

the presence of inappropriate BH

hallucinations, delusions, agitation, inappropriate laughter, disorganized thinking, nonsensical speech

Question 24

negative symptoms (schizophrenia)

Answer 24

the absence of appropriate BH

such as blank face, monotone voice, mutism & motionless body

Question 25

mutism

Answer 25

refusal to talk

Question 26

delusions

Answer 26

false, persistent beliefs that are unsubstantiated by sensory or objective evidence

Question 27

stupor

Answer 27

condition where the sense, thought and movement are dulled

Question 28

catatonia

Answer 28

a psychotic condition characterized by striking motor impairment

Question 29

personality disorders

Answer 29

enduring patterns of maladaptive BH that are sources of distress to OTHER individuals

Question 30

narcissistic personality disoder

Answer 30

characterized by inflated self-image, extreme need for admiration and lack of empathy for others

Question 31

antisocial personality disorder

Answer 31

person in frequent conflict with society, yet who is undeterred by punishment and experiences little or no guilt and lack of impulse control

Question 32

borderline personality disorder

Answer 32

characterized by instability in relationships, self-image, mood, and lack of impulse control

Question 33

paranoid personality disorder

Answer 33

characterized by persistent suspiciousness but not involving the disorganization of paranoid schizophrenia

Question 34

anorexia nervosa

Answer 34

a life-threatening eating disorder characterized by dramatic weight loss and distorted body image

Question 35

female athlete triad

Answer 35

a problem affecting female athletes, especially in college, involving (1) low energy (2) menstrual problems and (3) loss of bone density

Question 36

bulimia nervosa

Answer 36

an eating disorder characterized by repeated cycles of being eating and purging

Question 37

conversion disorder

Answer 37

anxiety or unconscious conflicts are "converted" into physical symptoms that have the effect of helping the person cope

Question 38

types of delusions (5)

Answer 38

erotomania, grandiose, jealous, persecutory, somatic

Question 39

medical model

Answer 39

assumes that illnesses have physical or biological causes that can be identified and that people afflicted by them are to be cured through treatment or therapy.