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Psychology 100 > ch.4- Consciousness > Flashcards

ch.4- Consciousness Flashcards

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1
Q

what is consciousness?

A

awareness of everything around you and inside your mind at any given moment that’s used to organize behavior

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2
Q

direct inner awareness

A

knowledge of thoughts/ images, sensations-perceptions, memories & feelings

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3
Q

selective attention & types

A

focusing on certain stimuli ( a filter); visual and auditory

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4
Q

attention and stimuli types (4)

A
  • novel (unexpected)
  • intense (bright lite/ loud noise)
  • repetitive (habituate to “songs/ads”)
  • sudden changes in (positive or negative types)
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5
Q

what are the levels of consciousness? (4)

A
  • conscious
  • preconscious
  • unconscious/ subconscious
  • nonconscious
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6
Q

conscious

A

have awareness of

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7
Q

preconscious & example

A

hidden but available; friends/family bday

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8
Q

unconscious (or subcon) & examples

A

Unavailable to awareness; painful memories, irrational wished, fear, shameful experiences, failures & immoral urges (Freud)

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9
Q

repression & example?

A

things deep down, almost unknown; abuse- defense mechanism

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10
Q

suppression

A

choosing not to think about something to focus on something else- defense mechanism

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11
Q

nonconscious & examples

A

bodily processes that can’t be directly experienced but that we know is occurring; fingernail/ hair growth, heartbeat, breathing, control of internal organs

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12
Q

what are the 4 altered states on consciousness?

A
  • sleep (dreams)
  • meditation
  • hypnotic trance
  • chemically altered states
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13
Q

stages of sleep are levels of __________-

A

unconscious

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14
Q

how long does it take to move to stage 5?

A

90 minutes

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15
Q

when does NREM & REM happen?

A

NREM- stages 1-4

REM-stage 5

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16
Q

electroencephalogram (EEG)

A

measures neural brain activity (sleep & wake cycles)

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17
Q

we have __ REM bouts a night that ____ over time. they take ____min and the body is _____

A

5; increase in duration; 90 min, chemically paralyzed

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18
Q

what is another word for dreaming?

A

paradoxical sleep

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19
Q

REM rebound

A

condition of increased REM sleep after deprivation; get to faster & have 7-8 episodes/night

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20
Q

brain metabolism theory

A

small animal=fast brain metabolism=less sleep

large animal=slower brain metabolism=more sleep

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21
Q

“danger theory”

A

sleep based on risk of danger from predators

22
Q

circadian rhythm (def) how long does it last for adults & adolescents?

A

cycle of sleep & wakefulness associated with light-dark cycles of earth rotation; 24-25 hours or 28 in adolescence

23
Q

zeitgebers

A

internal mechanisms can be adjusted or entrained by zeitgebers “time givers”

24
Q

where is the circadian system located?

A

superchiasmatic nucleus in hypothalamus

25
Q

what is the hormone of darkness & of light?

A

darkness= melatonin, light= cortisol

26
Q

chronotype definition. determined by what?

A

genetic propensity to sleep; PER3 gene

27
Q

long per3 gene= _______ & short per3 gene= ____

A

long=early riser, need 7+hours of sleep

short= late riser, can get by on less sleep

28
Q

consciousness changes in cycles that respond to __ & _____

A

bio rhythms & patterns of stimuli in environments

29
Q

daydreaming

A

mildly altered state of consciousness where attention shifts to memories, desires, expectation or fantasies and away from immediate situation

30
Q

where does daydreaming occur?

A

in frontal and temporal lobes

31
Q

what 3 parts of the brain and (1) NT are active during dreaming?

A

-reticular formation, pons, hypothalamus (memory consolidation) & acetylcholine (NT)

32
Q

Freud dream theory

A

carry our hidden desires

33
Q

Jung dream theory

A

carry meaning that can be interpreted by the dreamer

34
Q

Cayce dream theory

A

body’s way of building mental, spiritual and physical well being

35
Q

Evans dream theory

A

body’s way of storing vast amounts of information gained daily (update survival program)

36
Q

Crick & Mitchson dream theory

A

information being dumped, not stored (DEBUNKED)

37
Q

Activation-Synthesis Mode

A

cognitive activity during day repeated and consolidated; make sense of/ process daily info (STRONGEST THEORY TODAY)

38
Q

5 functions of sleep

A

survival, energy allocation, restoration, info processing, & brain development

39
Q

survival as fxn of sleep

A

adaptive to survival. humans can’t see well at night so must sleep

40
Q

energy allocation as fxn of sleep

A

sleep & wake related to “optimization of energy conservation”

41
Q

restoration as fxn of sleep (3)

A

rest & rejuvenate, recover from stress & repair body

42
Q

info processing as fxn of sleep

A

consolidate memory into learning (REM dependent)

43
Q

brain development as fxn of sleep

A

allows activation of neural circuitry/ activity; why babies, infants, children & teens need more sleep

44
Q

2 main characteristics of insomnia

A
  • inability to fall asleep easily or maintain sleep

- poor sleep quantity/ quality (sleep 9 but feel like 4)

45
Q

3 types of insomnia & what they are

A

-early: can’t sleep @ start
-middle: wake up @ middle & can’t fall asleep
=late: wake up ~2hrs too early

46
Q

narcolepsy. time?

A

involuntary & sudden REM sleep attack; 15 min to start REM

47
Q

causes of narcolepsy (environment, brain & type)

A
  • emotional excitement or fear
  • dysfunction of brain=stem mechanisms associated with sleep-wake regulation
  • genetic, neurological disorder
48
Q

sleep apnea def, causes & symptoms

A
  • airway obstruction during sleep
  • overweight, snoring, anatomic differences
  • poor sleep, chronic snoring, daytime sleepiness
49
Q

sleep terror, signs & who likely

A
  • frightening dream like experiences without memory of mental events of cause
  • panic state while sleep (screaming/ thrashing b/c not fully paralyzed)
  • mostly in young children
50
Q

Two “types” of unconscious

A

Repression & suppression

Psychology 100 (13 decks)

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