CH8 blood, tissue fluid and lymph Flashcards
1
Q
What does blood carry
A
- dissolved glucose
- amino acids
- mineral ions
- hormones
- large plasma proteins
- white and red blood cells
- platelets
2
Q
Functions of the blood
A
- maintenance of steady body temperature
- transports oxygen to, and carbon dioxide from, the respiring cells
- transports digested food from small intesine
- moves nitrogenous waste products from the cells to the excretory organs
3
Q
What is tissue fluid
A
- substances dissolved in plasma can pass through fenestrations in capillary walls
- fills spaces between cells
4
Q
What is oncotic pressure
A
- plasma proteins particularly albumin have an osmotic effect giving blood in capillaries a high solute potential wich causes fluid to move into capillaries
- tendency of water to move into the blood is oncotic pressure and is -3.3kPa
5
Q
What is hydrostatic pressure
A
- as blood flows through arterioles into capillaries, surge of blood that occurs every heart contraction means it is still under pressure
- hydrostatic pressure at arterial end is 4.6kPa
6
Q
What causes fluid to move out of capillariess
A
- hydrostatic pressure is greater than oncotic pressure
- fluid squeezed out of capillaries and fills spaces between cells (tissue fluid)
7
Q
What causes fluid to move back into capillaries
A
- hydrostatic pressure at venous end is around 2.3kPa due to decreased fluid volume
- water moves back into capillaries
8
Q
What is lymph
A
- the 10% of tissue fluid that does not return to capillaries
9
Q
What does lymph contain
A
- similar composition to tissue fluid
- less oxygen and fewer nutrients
- contains fatty acids
10
Q
Where does lymph go
A
- drains into a system of blind-ended tubes called lymph capillaries
- lymph capillaries join up to form larger vessels
- fluid transported through larger vessels and eventually returns to blood
11
Q
What are lymph nodes
A
- place where lymphocytes build up
- plays a major role in defence mechanisms
