CH12 pathogens Flashcards
1
Q
What is a communicable disease
A
- a disease that can be spread from one organism to another
2
Q
Bacteria
A
- prokaryotes, no membrane bound nucleus
- bacteria can be classified by their basic shapes or their cell walls
3
Q
Viruses
A
- non-living
- 50 times smaller in length than average bacteria
- basic structure is some genetic material surrounded by protein
- invade living cells and take over biochemistry of host cell to make more viruses
- reproduce rapidly and evolve
4
Q
Bacteriophage
A
- viruses
- take over bacterial cells and use them to replicate, destroying bacteria at same time
5
Q
Protoctista
A
- eukaryotic organisms with a variety of feeding methods
- protists that cause disease are parasites
- pathogenic protists may need a vector to transfer them to their hosts
6
Q
Fungi
A
- eukaryotic organisms, often multicellular
- digest their food extracellularly before absorbing nutrients
- most are saprophytes and some are parasitic
7
Q
Virus mode of action
A
- take over cell metabolism
- viral genetic material goes into host cell and is inserted into host DNA
- virus uses host cell to make new viruses which then burst out of cell, destroying it
- spread to infect other cells
8
Q
Protoctista mode of action
A
- take over cells and break them open as new generation emerge
- digest and use cell contents as they reproduce
9
Q
Fungi mode of action
A
- digest living cells and destroy them
- can produce toxins that affect host cells
10
Q
Bacteria mode of action
A
- produce toxins that poison or damage host cells
- damage host cells by breaking down cell membranes, inactivating enzymes or interfering with genetic material
