CH12 transmission of communicable diseases

Question 1

direct contact

Answer 1

• kissing
• skin to skin
• microorganisms from faeces transmitted on hands

Question 2

innolculation

Answer 2

• through a break in the skin
• from an animal bite
• through a puncture wound

Question 3

ingestion

Answer 3

• taking in contaminated food

Question 4

fomites

Answer 4

• inanimate objects
• can transfer pathogens

Question 5

Droplet infection

Answer 5

• droplets expelled from mouth as talk or sneeze

Question 6

Vector

Answer 6

• transmits communicable pathogens from one host to another
• water can act as a vector

Question 7

Factors increasing transmission in animals

Answer 7

• overcrowding
• poor nutrition
• poor waste disposal
• climate change
• socioeconomic factors

Question 8

Transmission of pathogens in plants

Answer 8

• direct transmission
• indirect transmission (leave pathogens/spores in soil which affect next crop)
• vectors (wind, water, animals, humans)

Question 9

Factors increasing transmission in plants

Answer 9

• planting varieties of crops susceptible to disease
• poor mineral nutrition
• climate change
• damp, warm conditions