CH3 protein synthesis Flashcards
1
Q
What are the two stages of proteinsynthesis
A
Transcription and translation
2
Q
Why can DNA not leave nucleus
A
- contained within a double membrane
- too large to leave out of nuclear pores
3
Q
What are the stages of transcription
A
- section of dna containing gene unzips due to DNA helicase
- one strand contains code of protein being synthesised (sense) and other is complementary (antisense) and acts as a template
- free RNA nucleotides will base pair with bases
- phosphodiester bonds form between RNA nucleotides by RNA polymerase
- mRNA detaches from template and travels to a ribosome
4
Q
What is a ribosome made of
A
Equal amounts of protein and a form of RNA known as ribosomal RNA
5
Q
What is tRNA
A
- transfer RNA
- strand of RNA folded in way that anticodon is at one end of molecule
- carry an amino acid
6
Q
What are the steps of translation
A
- mRNA binds to specific point of ribosome
- anticodon on tRNA binds to complementary codon on mRNA
- amino acids being carried by tRNA are brought together
- peptide bonds are formed by peptidyl transferase
