CH2 animal cells Flashcards
1
Q
cytoplasm
A
Where the reactions occur
2
Q
cell membrane
A
- separates the cell from external environment
- selectively permeable so controls movement in and out of cell
3
Q
Nucleus
A
- contains coded genetic information in form of DNA molecules
- contained in double membrane called nuclear envelope which contains nuclear pores
4
Q
What does DNA associate with in nucleus
A
- protein histones to form a complex called chromatin
- chromatin coils and condenses to form chromosomes
5
Q
Nucleolus
A
Area within nucleus responsible for producing ribosomes
6
Q
Mitochondria
A
- where final stages of cellular respiration occur
- have a double membrane with inner membrane highly folded to form a cristae which contains enzymes used in aerobic respiration
- fluid interior called matrix
- contains a small amount of mtDNA
7
Q
Vesicles
A
- membranous sacs that have storage and transport roles
- consist of a single membrane with fluid inside
- transport materials inside cell
8
Q
Lysosomes
A
- contain hydrolytic enzymes
- break down waste materials in cells
9
Q
Cytoskeleton
A
Network of fibres necessary for shape and stability of cell
10
Q
Microfilaments
A
- contractile fibres formed of protein actin
- responsible for cell movement and contraction during cytokinesis
11
Q
Microtubules
A
- globular tubulin proteins polymerise to form tubes that are used to form scaffold-like structures that determine shape of cell
- act as tracks for movement of organelles
- what spindle fibres are made of
12
Q
Intermediate fibres
A
Give mechanical strength to cells and help to maintain integrity
13
Q
Centrioles
A
- composed of microtubules
- two associated centrioles form centrosome
14
Q
Flagella
A
Enable cells motility
15
Q
Cilia
A
- stationary or mobile
- each contains two central microtubules surrounded by 9 pairs arranged like a wheel, pairs of parallel slide over eachother which causes cilia to move in a beating motion
