Ch.65 Kidneys and Ureters Flashcards
Weight of average kidney
800 - 1000grams
Right supposedly bigger than left <50g
Size of right and left kidney
15 - 18cm long
15cm wide
5cm height
18cm long
10 - 12cm wide
5 - 6cm height
Blood supply to kidneys
Renal arteries branching from aorta
Accessory renal arteries arise from
caudal mesenteric
testicular
ovarian
deep circumflex iliac
What are renal columns
Where the cortex extends deeper into the renal parenchyma adjacent to each interlobular artery
Shapes of kidneys
R - Heart or horse shoe
L - U or J
What separates the apices of the medullary pyramids at the pelvis
Invaginations of fibrous connective tissue and smooth muscle
3 layers of renal pelvis
External fibrous
Intermediate smooth muscle
innermost transitional epithelium
What is the renal crest
Fusion of the apices of the middle pyramids into collecting ducts which empty into the renal pelvis
How does the urine from the cranial and caudal pyramids enter the renal pelvis
Terminal recesses
What produces the mucus found in the urine of the horse
Tubular mucus glands and goblet cells in the renal pelvis and proximal ureter
Diameter and length of ureters
6-8mm diameter
70cm long
What prevents reflux of urine from the bladder
The intramural segment of the ureters
What comprises a nephron
Renal corpuscle - glomerulus within bowmans capsule
Proximal tubule
Intermediate tubule - loop of henle
Distal convoluted tubule
Connecting tubule
Collecting ducts
Innervation of kidney
Autonomic nerves from the aorticorenal and renal ganglia
- sympathetic
Low frequency stimulation of renal nerves results in what
Increase proximal tubular sodium resorption and renin release by activation of alpha1 adreno-receptors
