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Eq ACVS Phase 1 > Ch.15 Lasers in Veterinary Surgery > Flashcards

Ch.15 Lasers in Veterinary Surgery Flashcards

1
Q

Lasers which have successfully been used for lithotripsy

A

Pulsed dye laser

Ho:YAG

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2
Q

Wavelength of Pulsed Dye Lasers

A

400 - 700nm

Absorbed by hemoglobin and urinary calculi

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3
Q

Wavelength of Ho:YAG lasers

A

2100nm

Pulsed laser

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4
Q

Applications and abs or Ho:YAG lasers

A

Orthopedics and urology
abs by water

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5
Q

Nd:YAG/GAL Diode laser wavelengths

A

Nd:YAG 1064nm
GAL diode: 980nm

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6
Q

Primary difference btw Nd:YAG and GAL

A

GAL is a smaller unit

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7
Q

Applications and abs of Nd:YAG and GAL lasers

A

Upper resp sx
Abs by dark pigment - hemoglobin, melanin
GAL three times more abs in water than Nd:YAG

Can use a black marker on end of fibre to increase energy abs at tip

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8
Q

Fiber sizes used for Diode lasers

A

600-1000um flexible quartz

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9
Q

Can quartz fibers be used with CO2 lasers

A

No contain too much water, transmitted via mirrors in articulating arm

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10
Q

What size vessels can be ligated with a CO2 laser

A

0.5mm

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11
Q

Wavelength of a CO2 laser

A

10,600nm

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12
Q

CO2 laser abs in

A

Water

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13
Q

Lasers are made visible with

A

Low energy helium neon laser aiming beam

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14
Q

Primary non beam hazard

A

Plume

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15
Q

Abx needed with CO2 laser?

A

No - sterilizes sx wounds

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16
Q

Lower or higher power densities are achieved with contact laser

A

Lower - lesens thermal injury

17
Q

Why latent necrosis with Nd:YAG and GAL lasers

A

Energy abs by pigmented tissue and fluid whuch act as a heat sink

18
Q

Thermal relaxation time

A

Time req to cool 50% of the heat applied without conducting heat to surrounding tissue

19
Q

Photocoagulation

A

Coagulative necrosis along edges of vaporized area - irriversible latent thermal necrosis

20
Q

Photoablation

A

At 100c
complete ablation of tissue

Eq ACVS Phase 1 (72 decks)

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