Ch.19 Modern Injectable Anaesthesia for Adult Horses

Question 1

How to induce compromised horses?

Answer 1

A mixture of equal volumes of diazepam (5mg/ml) and ketamine (100mg/ml) - this mix usually mean 1ml/25kg

0.1mg/kg diazepam
2mg/kg ketamine

Question 2

Dose of diazepam for induction/mm relaxation

Answer 2

0.1 mg/kg

Question 3

What are the enantiomers of racemic ketamine and which is the active compound

Answer 3

S+ and R-

S+

Question 4

How is tiletamine commercially available

Answer 4

As a powder in a 1:1 ratio with zolazepam

Question 5

Dose of Tiletamine

Answer 5

1.1 - 1.65 mg/kg/iv

Question 6

Pros and Cons of using Tiletamine

Answer 6

Pro - Longer time recumbent

Con - Respiratory depression
More ataxic than ketamine recovery

Question 7

Why is propofol not used alone as an anaesthetic induction drug

Answer 7

Poor quality of induction
Resp depression
Need large vols - expensive

Question 8

Dose of propofol for inducing neonatal foals

Answer 8

2 mg/kg

Question 9

Do not use propofol on which foals

Answer 9

Hypotensive foals

Question 10

Afaxalone dose and risks

Answer 10

1mg/kg with alpha 2 premed and benzos

Mm tremours
Unpredictable recovery compared to ketamine

Too expensive to use

Question 11

Typical triple drip dosages for TIVA using ket,guaif/alpha2

Answer 11

500ml 5% guaifenesin + 1g Ket + 10mg Detomodine
1ml/kg/hr

500ml 5% guaifenesin + 650mg Ket + 325mg Xylazine
2ml/kg/hr

500ml 5% guaifenesin +500mg Ket +250mg Xylazine
2.75ml/kg/hr

Question 12

Alpha2/Ketamine/Midazolam drip for TIA

Answer 12

9.6mg/ml xylazine + 18mg/ml ketamine + 1.2mg/ml midazolam
0.1ml/kg/hr