Ch.4 Muscular System

Question 1

List the functions of the muscular system

Answer 1

1. hold body erect and make movement possible
2. generate heat
3. move food through digestive system
4. move blood through veins
5. move fluids through ducts and tubes associated with other body systems

Question 2

The long slender cells that make up muscles

Answer 2

muscle fibers

Question 3

Sheet of fibrous connective tissue that covers, supports, and separates muscles or groups of muscles

Answer 3

fascia

Question 4

pertaining to muscle tissue and fascia

Answer 4

myofascial

Question 5

narrow band of nonelastic, dense, fibrous connective tissue that attaches a muscle to a bone

Answer 5

tendon

Question 6

Type of muscle tissue that are attached to the bones of the skeleton and make body motions possible

Answer 6

skeletal muscle

Question 7

type of muscle tissue that are known as voluntary muscles bc we have conscious control over them

Answer 7

skeletal muscle

Question 8

Type of muscle tissue that is also known as striated muscles bc the dark and light bands in the muscle make a striped appearance

Answer 8

skeletal muscle

Question 9

what are the three types of muscle tissue?

Answer 9

1. skeletal
2. smooth
3. myocardial

Question 10

type of muscle tissue located in the walls of internal organs whose function is to move and control the flow of fluids through them.

Answer 10

smooth muscle

Question 11

type of muscle know as involuntary, unstriated, and visceral

Answer 11

smooth muscle

Question 12

type of muscle tissue that forms the walls of the heart

Answer 12

myocardial muscle

Question 13

stimulation of a muscle by an impulse transmitted by a motor nerve is called?

Answer 13

muscle innervation

Question 14

pertaining to the relationship btw nerve and muscle

Answer 14

neuromuscular

Question 15

The less moveable attachment point where a muscle begins, closest to midline

Answer 15

origin

Question 16

the more moveable attachment where a muscle ends, farthest from midline

Answer 16

insertion

Question 17

Means slanted or at an angle (muscles can be named this bc there fibers run this way)

Answer 17

oblique

Question 18

Mean in straight alignment with the vertical axis of the body

Answer 18

rectus

Question 19

ring-like muscle that tightly constricts the opening of a passageway

Answer 19

sphincter

Question 20

crosswise direction

Answer 20

transverse

Question 21

a specialist who works under the supervision of a physician to develop, implement, and coordinate exercise programs, as well as administer medical tests to promote fitness.

Answer 21

exercise physiologist

Question 22

physician who specializes in treating the causes of paralysis and similar disorders where there is loss of function

Answer 22

neurologist

Question 23

physician who specializes in physical medicine and rehab with the focus on restoring function

Answer 23

physiatrist

Question 24

physician who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of arthritis and disorders such as osteoporosis, fibromyalgia, and tendonitis

Answer 24

rheumatologist

Question 25

physician who specializes in treating sports-related injuries

Answer 25

sports medicine physician

Question 26

medical term for a herniation

Answer 26

myocele

Question 27

neuromuscular disorder which causes slow relaxation of the muscles after voluntary contraction

Answer 27

myotonia

Question 28

permanent tightening of fascia, muscles, tendons, ligaments, or skin that occurs when normally elastic connective tissue is replaced with non-elastic fibrous tissue.

Answer 28

contracture

Question 29

pain in the leg muscles during exercise and is relieved by rest, due to poor circulation and associated with peripheral vascular disease

Answer 29

intermittent claudication

Question 30

stiff neck due to spasmodic contraction of the neck muscles that pull the head toward the affected side

Answer 30

spasmodic torticollis

Question 31

term for extreme slowness in movement, a symptom of Parkinson's

Answer 31

bradykinesia

Question 32

term for distortion or impairment of voluntary movement such as in a tic or spasm

Answer 32

dyskinesia

Question 33

jerking of limbs that can occur normally as a person is falling asleep

Answer 33

nocturnal myoclonus

Question 34

medical term for hiccups

Answer 34

singultus

Question 35

chronic autoimmune disease that affects the neuromuscular junction and produces serious weakness of voluntary muscles

Answer 35

myasthenia gravis

Question 36

chronic pain disorder caused by the development of trigger points

Answer 36

myofascial pain syndrome

Question 37

harmless fluid-filled swelling that occurs most commonly on the outer surface of the wrist

Answer 37

ganglion cyst

Question 38

weakness or slight muscular paralysis

Answer 38

myoparesis

Question 39

slight paralysis or weakness affecting one side of the body

Answer 39

hemiparesis

Question 40

total paralysis affecting only one side of the body

Answer 40

hemiplegia

Question 41

paralysis of both legs and the lower part of the body

Answer 41

paraplegia

Question 42

paralysis of all four extremities

Answer 42

quadriplegia

Question 43

paralysis of heart muscle or cardiac arrest

Answer 43

cardioplegia

Question 44

diagnostic test that measures the electrical activity within muscle fibers in response to nerve stimulation

Answer 44

electromyography

Question 45

diagnostic procedure for testing and recording neuromuscular activity by the electric stimulation of the nerve truck that carries fibers to and from the muscle

Answer 45

electroneuromyography

Question 46

medication administered to suppress smooth muscle contractions of the stomach, intestine, or bladder

Answer 46

antispasmodic

Question 47

medication administered to relax certain muscles and to relieve the stiffness, pain, and discomfort caused by injury

Answer 47

skeletal muscle relaxant

Question 48

drug that causes temporary paralysis by blocking the transmission of nerve stimuli to the muscles

Answer 48

neuromuscular blocker

Question 49

therapy that promotes recovery and rehab to perform activities of daily living

Answer 49

occupational therapy

Question 50

treatment to prevent disability or to restore function through the use exercise, heat, massage, and other methods

Answer 50

physical therapy