CH29: CSF, Hydrocephalus

Question 1

Weight of brain when suspended in CSF (p. 637)

Answer 1

50g

Question 2

CSF occupies how many percent of the intracranial and intraspinal spaces (p. 637)

Answer 2

less than 10%

Question 3

growth of anterior horns and third ventricle (p. 637)

Answer 3

1.0 to 1.5cm anterior horns, 3 to 6mm third ventricle

Question 4

main cation of the CSF (p. 638)

Answer 4

Sodium

Question 5

average rate of CSF formation (p. 638)

Answer 5

21 to 22ml/h or 500ml per day

Question 6

Site or barrier for different plasma constituents (p. 638)

Answer 6

endothelium of choroidal and brain capillaries, plasma membrane and adventitia (Rouget cells), and pericapillary foot processes of astrocytes

Question 7

Normal CSF pressure (p. 639)

Answer 7

8mmHg or 110mm H2O

Question 8

ballistic waveforms that follow the blood pressure (p. 640)

Answer 8

B- waves

Question 9

waveforms that follow the respiratory cycle and are a complex result of several transmitted pressure (p. 640)

Answer 9

C- waves

Question 10

prolonged rhythmic wave-like elevations of ICP up to 50mmHg occurring every 15 to 30 minutes (p. 640)

Answer 10

A- waves

Question 11

ICP value. Patient with normal blood pressure retain mental alertness. (p. 642)

Answer 11

25 to 40mmHg

Question 12

ICP value. Cerebral blood flow diminishes to a degree that results in loss of consciousness. (p. 642)

Answer 12

more than 40 to 50mmHg

Question 13

ICP value. brain shift and herniation that causes the pupil to dilate on the side of a mass lesion generally occurs (p. 642).

Answer 13

28 to 34mmHg

Question 14

the upper eyelides are retracted, the eyes tend to turn down, there is paralysis of the upward gazem sclerae above the irises are visible ICP value. brain shift and herniation that causes the pupil to dilate on the side of a mass lesion generally occurs (p. 644)

Answer 14

setting sun sign

Question 15

moving the head forward and backward or side to side constantly and intermittently about 2 to 3 Hz (p. 644)

Answer 15

bobble head syndrome

Question 16

Triad of NPH (p. 645)

Answer 16

slowly progressive gait disorder, impairment of mental function, sphincter incontinence

Question 17

Earliest finding in NPH (p. 645)

Answer 17

slowly progressive gait disorder

Question 18

How to differentiate PD and NPH (p. 645)

Answer 18

In PH, there is no shuffling, festination, rigidity, slowness of alternating movement or tremor.

Question 19

How much should you drain in patient with NPH (p. 646)

Answer 19

20 to 30ml or more

Question 20

Pathophysiology of enlargement of blind spot in patients with Pseudotumor cerebri (p. 650)

Answer 20

displacement of the retina from the edges of the swollen disc

Question 21

Sustained use of Acetazolamide; risk for what (p. 653)

Answer 21

Kidney stones

Question 22

Treatment of spinal headache (p. 655)

Answer 22

ingestion of large volume of fluids (1-2L of 5% glucose_ and caffeine, blood patch