CH12: Vision Flashcards
How far should a patient place a Jaeger chart in front of a patient (p. 250)
14 inches
Arcuate scotoma extending from the blind spot and sweeping around the macula to end in the horizontal line at the nasal equator (p. 253)
Bjerrum field defect
Winged extensions from the blind spot (p. 253)
Siedel scotoma
Changes of the lens to this sugar causes highosmotic gradient with swelling and disruption of the lens fibers (p. 253)
Sorbitol
rutpture of an intracranial aneurysm or AVM with high intracranial pressure (p. 253)
Terson syndrome
condition wherein there is an abnormality in the chiasmatic decussation (p. 256)
Albinism
Percent of fibers of the opic tract terminating in the lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus (p. 256)
80%
Laminae of optic tract terminating in the LGN (p. 256)
1, 4, and 6
Anterior choroidal artery artery occlusion pattern of blindness (p. 256)
Contralateral quadruple sectoranopia
Posterior choroidal artery occlusion pattern of blindness (p. 256)
Contralateral homonymous horizontal sectoranopia
Most often sign of diabeetes mellitus, sometimes appearing before the usual clinical manifestations of the disease (p. 257)
Microaneurysms
superficial or deep retinal hemorrhage show a central spot which is caused by an accumulation of white blood cells, fibrin, histiocytes (p. 258)
Roth spot
Represents the terminal swellings of interrupted axons in areas of inner retinal opacification resulting from ischemia (p. 258)
Cytoid bodies
Pale yellow spots that are difficult to distinguish from hard exudates except when they occur alone (p. 258)
Drusen or colloid bodies
Transient monocular blindness (p. 259)
Amarousis fugax
glistening white- yellow atheromatous particles seen in 40 of 70 cases of retinal embolism (p. 259)
Hollenhorst plaques
Metamorphopsia is a common presentation, acuity is not impaored, maybe associated with corticosteroid use (p. 260)
Serous retinopathy
Common cause is Bartonella henselae, presenting with retrobulbar neuritis (p. 260)
Chorioretinitis
Most common infective lesion in retina of HIV- AIDS patients (p. 260)
Toxoplasma
Drug noted to cause retinal degeneration and concentric restriction of the visual fields in almsot half of exposed patients (p. 261)
Vigabatrin
Cancer associated retinopathy from atibodies against this protein which modulates rhodopsin kinase (p. 261)
Recoverin
Monoclonal antibody against anti VEGF for wet form of age- related macular degeneration (p. 262)
Ranibizumab
Monoclonal antibody for DM retinopathy (p. 262)
Bevasizumab
T/F Acute optic disc swelling in a patient with severely reduced vision should not be attributed to pappiledema (p. 263)
TRUE
Transient increase in blurring with exertion or exposure to heat (p. 265)
Uhthoff phenomenon
Double ring sign in fundoscopy is indcative of (p. 267)
Optic nerve hypoplasia
Syndrome: ON hypoplasia, cortical heterotropia, midline patterning deficits, esp HP axis (p. 267)
de Morsier syndrome
How long after radiation will radiation- induced damage of optic nerve presnt? (p. 268)
18 months
Most common cause of homonymous altitudinal hemianopsia (p. 269)
Occlusion of B posterior cerebral arteries
Persistence of repetitive afterimages, similar to the appearance of celluloid movie strip (p. 270)
Palinopsia
Localization of palinopsia (p. 270)
R parietooccipital
related to the vitreous tags taht rest on the retinal equator, maybe a residual evidence of retinal detachment (p. 271)
Moore lightning streaks
Visual hallucinations in a blind patient, usually in the elderly (p. 271)
Charles Bonnet Syndrome
Perception of transposition of images, flipped across the vertical or horizontal axis (p. 271)
Visual allesthesia
