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BRAIN BATTACK > CH14: Deafness, Dizziness, Disquilibrium > Flashcards

CH14: Deafness, Dizziness, Disquilibrium Flashcards

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1
Q

End organ of hearing

A

Spiral Organ of Corti

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2
Q

sensory epithelium located on hillocks in the dilated openings of the semicircular canals (p. 303)

A

Cristae ampularis

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3
Q

sensory epithelium located on hillocks in the dilated openings of the utricle and sacule (p. 304)

A

Maculae acusticae

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4
Q

Brodman area of the primary auditory cortex (p. 306)

A

Brodman Area 41

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5
Q

lesion of cortical deafness (p. 306)

A

geniculocortical fasciculi

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6
Q

Superior vestibular nuclei (p. 306)

A

Bechterew

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7
Q

Lateral vestibular nuclei (p. 306)

A

Deiters

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8
Q

Medial vestibular nuclei (p. 306)

A

Schwalbe

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9
Q

Inferior vestibular nuclei (p. 306)

A

Spinal

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10
Q

Lesions here impairs verticality, body orientation and movement (p.307)

A

Posterior insula

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11
Q

Frequency of tuning fork used for Weber (p. 308)

A

512 Hz

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12
Q

heightened perception of loudness once the threshold for hearing has been exceeded (p. 308)

A

Recruitment

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13
Q

defect in frequence discrimination that is manifest by a lack of clarity of spoken syllables of perception of music as out of tune (p. 308)

A

Diplacusis

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14
Q

threshold percentage of words not heard for speech discrimination indicating a retrocochlear lesion (p. 309)

A

less than 30%

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15
Q

In audiometry, which types has retrocochlear implications? (p. 309)

A

Type III and IV

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16
Q

subjective tinnitus, common persistent form that arises in the middle or inner ear, associated with chochlear damage (p. 309)

A

tonal tinnitus

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17
Q

superior canal dehiscence (p. 310)

A

Lloyd Minor syndrome

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18
Q

Meniere’s tinnitus– low pitched or high pitched? (p. 310)

A

Low pitched

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19
Q

dysacusis, tinnitus, sensorineural deafness + vitiligo, poliosis, iritis, retinal depigmentation, recurrent meningitis (p. 312)

A

Vogt Koyanagi Harada

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20
Q

Pure word deafness localization (p. 312)

A

Left temporal lobe

21
Q

mutation in this gene found in half of recessive familal cases of pure deafness (p. 313)

A

Connexin 26 on Chromosome 13 (GJB2)

22
Q

Deafness from mitochondrial disorders (p. 313)

A

Kearns Sayre, MELAS, Wolfram

23
Q

absence of otic capsule and eigth nerve (p. 313)

A

Michel defect

24
Q

incomplete development of the bony and membranous labyrinth and spinal ganglion (p. 313)

A

Mondini defect

25
Q

membranous cochleosaccular dysplasia with atrophy of the vestibular and chochlear nerves (p. 313)

A

Scheibe defect

26
Q

reflexes to check for hysterical deafness (p. 313)

A

cochleo- orbicular reflex and psychogalvanic skin reflex

27
Q

loud sound, yawning, produces a brief sensation of vertigo or tilting of the environment, attributed to thining of the roof of the superior SSC (p. 317)

A

Tullio phenomenon

28
Q

Infarct of this artery maybe indistinguishable from a vertigo caused by a labyrinthine disorder (p. 318)

A

Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery

29
Q

In labyrinthine disease, the unidirectional nystagmus fast phase is SAME or OPPOSITE to the saide of the impaired labyrinth? (p. 318)

A

OPPOSITE

30
Q

requires the patient to march in place with eyes closed and arms stretched; execessive rotation to AWAY from the diseased side (p. 319)

A

Unterberger- Fukuda Maneuver

31
Q

UF Maneuver if labytinthine: AWAY or TOWARD the affected side? (p. 319)

A

AWAY

32
Q

UF Maneuver if cerebellar: AWAY or TOWARD the affected side? (p. 319)

A

TOWARD

33
Q

Bilateral irrigation of cold water. Where is the fast component of the nystagmus? (p. 319)

A

UPWARD

34
Q

Main pathologic changes in Meniere’s disease (p. 320)

A

Increase in volume of endolymph and distention (endolymphatic hydrops)

35
Q

episodic deafness without vergico (p. 320)

A

chochlear Meniere syndrome

36
Q

T/F In BPPV, vertigo is accompanied with oscillopsia and nystagmus; rapid components AWAY from the affected ear (p. 321)

A

TRUE

37
Q

T/F Changing from a recumment to a sitting postition reverses the direction of vertigo and nystagmus (p. 321)

A

TRUE

38
Q

In 90% of cases, the posteriror SCC is implicated; in 10% which canal? (p. 321)

A

lateral

39
Q

Risk of Epley maneuver (p. 323)

A

Conversion of Posterior SCC to Lateral SCC

40
Q

Epley maneuver substitute involving sitting, sidelying, sitting (p. 324)

A

Brandt Daroff Exercises

41
Q

Sitting and turned 45 degrees to one side, then drops laterally to side lying position on the opposite ear (p. 323)

A

Semont Maneuver

42
Q

What differentiates vestibular neuritis from Meniere’s disease (p. 324)

A

In VN, the symptoms can last for days

43
Q

portion of the vestibular pathway that is primarily affected by vestibular neuritis (p. 324)

A

Superior portion of vestibular nerve trunk

44
Q

Labyrinthine infarction component of a stroke syndrome from occlusion of this artery (p.325)

A

Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery

45
Q

associated with vertigo, tinnitus, nystagmus and rapidly progressive deafness. Prognosis for vision is good; for hearing and balance poor. (p. 325)

A

Nonsyphilitic interstitial keratitis

46
Q

Vertigo and nystagmus induced by pressure in the external ear canal (p. 325)

A

Fistula test

47
Q

Attacks of vertigo followed by intense unilateral and often suboccipital headache and vomiting (p. 326)

A

basilar artery migraine

48
Q

Symptomatic treatment for attacks of familial vestibulocerebellar syndrome (p. 327)

A

Acetazolamide

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