CH16: Coma

Question 1

inability to sustain a wakeful state without the application of external stimuli (p. 376)

Answer 1

Drowsiness

Question 2

patient can be roused only by vigorous and repeated stimuli and in which arousal cannot be sustained without repeated stimulation (p. 376_

Answer 2

Stupor

Question 3

patient incapable of being aroused by external stimuli or inner need (p. 377)

Answer 3

Comatose

Question 4

how long after a NON TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY will a vegetative syndrome be called PVS (p. 377)

Answer 4

3 months

Question 5

how long after a TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY will a vegetative syndrome be called PVS (p. 377)

Answer 5

12 months

Question 6

cortical area necessary for intergrated consciousness (p. 378)

Answer 6

posterior parietal

Question 7

patient capable of some rudimentary behavior such as following simple commands, gesturing or producing single words (p. 379)

Answer 7

Minimally Conscious State

Question 8

localization of locked- in syndrome (p. 379)

Answer 8

large lesion at ventral pons

Question 9

patients who are silent and intert as result of bilateral lesions of the anterior parts of the forntal lobe or in the thalamus (p. 379)

Answer 9

akinetic mutism

Question 10

state: there is waxy flexibility of passive limb movement eg bending a wax rod (p. 380)

Answer 10

Catatonia

Question 11

retention for a long period of seemingly uncomfortable limb postures (p. 380)

Answer 11

cataplepsy

Question 12

EEG finding in eelectrocerebral silence (p. 381)

Answer 12

no electrical potential of more than 2mV during a 30min recording

Question 13

normal blood flow (p. 384)

Answer 13

55ml/min/100g

Question 14

blood flow, there will be slowing of EEG (p. 384)

Answer 14

25ml/min/100g

Question 15

electrocerebral silence in EEG (p. 384)

Answer 15

12-25ml/min/100g

Question 16

EEG finding in idiopathic recurring stupor (p. 385)

Answer 16

widespread fast beta activity

Question 17

EEG findings in idiopathic recurring stupor reversed by this drug (p. 385)

Answer 17

Flumazenil

Question 18

ostensibly naturally occurring diazepine agonist seen in idiopathic recurring stupor (p. 385)

Answer 18

Endozepine-4

Question 19

horizontal displacement of PINEAL CALCIFICATION: drowsiness (p. 387)

Answer 19

3-5mm

Question 20

horizontal displacement of PINEAL CALCIFICATION: stupor (p. 387)

Answer 20

5-8mm

Question 21

horizontal displacement of PINEAL CALCIFICATION: coma (p. 387)

Answer 21

8-9mm

Question 22

ipsilateral pupillary dilatation from pinching the side of the neck (p. 390)

Answer 22

ciliospinal reflex

Question 23

EXPLAIN decerebrate positioning (p. 391)

Answer 23

must- know

Question 24

EXPLAIN decorticate positioning (p. 391)

Answer 24

must- know

Question 25

localization for central neurogenic hyperventilation (p. 391)

Answer 25

low midbrain, upper pons

Question 26

breathing if there is a lesion at lower pons (p. 392)

Answer 26

apneustic breathing

Question 27

ataxia of breathing (p. 392)

Answer 27

Biot’s breathing

Question 28

when will papilledema manifest (p. 393)

Answer 28

12-24h post traumatic event