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med term > ch.16 > Flashcards

ch.16 Flashcards

1
Q

abort/o

A

to miscarry

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2
Q

cervic/o

A

cervix, neck

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3
Q

coit/o

A

a coming-together

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4
Q

colp/o

A

vagina

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5
Q

culd/o

A

cul-de-sac

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6
Q

cyst/o

A

bladder

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7
Q

fibr/o

A

fibrous tissue

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8
Q

gynec/o

A

female

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9
Q

hyster/o

A

womb, uterus

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10
Q

mamm/o

A

breast

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11
Q

mast/o

A

breast

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12
Q

men/o

A

month, menses, menstruation

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13
Q

metr/o

A

womb, uterus

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14
Q

metri/o

A

womb, uterus

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15
Q

my/o

A

muscle

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16
Q

o/o

A

ovum, egg

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17
Q

oophor/o

A

ovary

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18
Q

pareun/o

A

lying beside, sexual intercourse

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19
Q

rect/o

A

rectum

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20
Q

salping/o

A

fallopian tube

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21
Q

uter/o

A

uterus

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22
Q

vagin/o

A

vagina

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23
Q

vers/o

A

turning

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24
Q

bartholin

A

bartholin glands

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25
Q

cept

A

receive

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26
Q

genital

A

belonging to birth

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27
Q

hymen

A

hymen

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28
Q

lamp(s)

A

to shine

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29
Q

log

A

study

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30
Q

lump

A

lump

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31
Q

ovulat

A

little egg

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32
Q

pause

A

cessation

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33
Q

abortion

A

Process of miscarrying (either spontaneous or induced); termination of a pregnancy. Treatment during or after a miscarriage includes measures to prevent hemorrhage and infection. With any type of miscarriage, the patient should see her healthcare provider as soon as possible. If the abortion is incomplete and not all tissue has been expelled, a dilation and curettage (D&C), which is an expansion of the cervical canal and scraping of the uterine wall, is usually performed.

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34
Q

adnexa

A

Accessory parts of a structure; adnexa uteri refers to the ovaries and fallopian tubes

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35
Q

amenorrhea

A

Lack of the monthly flow (menses or menstruation)

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36
Q

bartholinitis

A

Inflammation of Bartholin glands. To check for swelling, redness, or tenderness, a Bartholin gland is palpated at the posterior labia majora.

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37
Q

cervicitis

A

Inflammation of the uterine cervix

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38
Q

cesarean section

A

Delivery of the fetus by means of an incision through the abdominal cavity and then into the uterus

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39
Q

colposcope

A

Medical instrument used to examine the vagina and cervix by means of a magnifying lens

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40
Q

contraception

A

Process of preventing conception

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41
Q

culdocentesis

A

Surgical puncture of the cul-de-sac for removal of fluid

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42
Q

cystocele

A

Hernia of the bladder that protrudes into the vagina

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43
Q

doppler ultrasound

A

Procedure using an audio transformation of high-frequency sounds to monitor the fetal heartbeat

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44
Q

dysmenorrhea

A

Difficult or painful monthly flow (menses or menstruation)

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45
Q

dyspareunia

A

Difficult or painful sexual intercourse (copulation)

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46
Q

eclampsia

A

Complication of severe preeclampsia that involves seizures; also known as toxemia or pregnancy-induced hypertension

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47
Q

ectopic pregnancy

A

A pregnancy that occurs when the fertilized egg is implanted in one of various sites, the most common being a fallopian tube; also referred to as a tubal pregnancy. This type of pregnancy is life-threatening to the mother and almost always fatal to her fetus.

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48
Q

endometriosis

A

Pathological condition in which endometrial tissue has been displaced to various sites in the abdominal or pelvic cavity. This tissue responds to cyclic hormonal signals. Because it is outside the uterus and cannot be cast off each month, the tissue causes bleeding, with the formation of scars and adhesions. This is generally what causes daily or monthly cyclic pain.

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49
Q

fibroma

A

Fibrous tissue tumor; also called fibroid tumor, the most common benign tumor found in women. See uterine fibroid.

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50
Q

genitalia

A

Male or female reproductive organs

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51
Q

gravida

A

Refers to any pregnancy, regardless of duration, including the present one; when used in the recording of an obstetrical history, indicates the number of pregnancies, for example, nulligravida refers to a woman who has never been pregnant and is written as gravida 0, primigravida refers to a woman who is pregnant for the first time and is written as gravida 1, multigravida refers to a woman who has been pregnant more than once and is written as gravida 2 (3, 4, 5, etc.).

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52
Q

group B streptococcus

A

Type of bacterium commonly found in the vagina and intestinal tract; found in 10–25% of all pregnant women; it can cause life-threatening infections in the newborn

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53
Q

gynecologist

A

Physician who specializes in the study of the female, especially the diseases of the female reproductive organs and the breasts

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54
Q

gynecology

A

Study of the female, especially the diseases of the female reproductive organs and the breasts

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55
Q

hymenectomy

A

Surgical excision of the membranous fold of tissue (the hymen) that partially or completely covers the vaginal opening. This procedure may be used to allow for the flow of the menses, allow for tampon use, and/or to allow for sexual intercourse.

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56
Q

hysterectomy

A

Surgical excision of the uterus

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57
Q

hysteroscope

A

Instrument used in the biopsy of uterine tissue before 12 weeks of gestation. This tissue is then analyzed for chromosome arrangement, DNA sequence, and genetic defects.

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58
Q

hysterotomy

A

Incision into the uterus, commonly combined with a laparotomy (surgical incision into the abdomen) during a cesarean section

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59
Q

intrauterine

A

Pertaining to within the uterus

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60
Q

laser ablation

A

Procedure that uses a laser to destroy the uterine lining; may also be called endometrial ablation. A biopsy is performed before the procedure to make sure no cancer is present. This procedure can be used to reduce excessive menstrual bleeding. It causes sterility.

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61
Q

linea nigra

A

Dark line on the abdomen that runs from above the umbilicus to the pubis during pregnancy. The term comes from Latin and literally means black line. It can be light and barely visible in some women or it can be much darker than the surrounding skin and stand out more clearly in other women.

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62
Q

lochia

A

Vaginal discharge occurring after childbirth. At first it is blood-tinged (lochia rubra); then, after 3 or 4 days, it becomes pink and brown-tinged (lochia serosa); after that, it becomes yellow and then turns to white (lochia alba). Lochia typically last 2–4 weeks.

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63
Q

lumpectomy

A

Surgical removal of a tumor from the breast. This procedure removes only the tumor and some surrounding tissue but no lymph nodes

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64
Q

mammoplasty

A

Surgical repair of the breast

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65
Q

mastectomy

A

Surgical excision of the breast can involve a modified radical or a radical mastectomy. With a modified radical approach, all of the breast tissue and the underarm lymph nodes are removed but the muscles remain intact.

66
Q

mastitis

A

Inflammation of the breast that occurs most commonly in women who are breastfeeding.

67
Q

menarche

A

Beginning of the first monthly flow (menses, menstruation)

68
Q

menopause

A

Cessation of the monthly flow; also called climacteric

69
Q

menorrhagia

A

Excessive uterine bleeding at the time of a menstrual period, either in number of days or amount of blood or both. Can be caused by such conditions as uterine fibroid tumors, pelvic inflammatory disease, or an endocrine imbalance.

70
Q

menorrhea

A

Normal monthly flow (menses, menstruation)

71
Q

mittelschmerz

A

Abdominal pain that occurs midway between the menstrual periods at ovulation

72
Q

myometritis

A

Inflammation of the muscular wall of the uterus

73
Q

oligomenorrhea

A

Scanty monthly flow (menses, menstruation)

74
Q

oogenesis

A

Formation of the ovum

75
Q

oophorectomy

A

Surgical excision of an ovary

76
Q

ovulation

A

Process in which an ovum is discharged from the cortex of the ovary; periodic ripening and rupture of a mature graafian follicle and the discharge of an ovum from the cortex of the ovary. Occurs approximately 14 days before the onset of the next menstrual period.

77
Q

para

A

Means to bear or bring forth; refers to a woman who has given birth after a minimum of 20 weeks’ gestation, regardless of whether the baby is born alive or dead

78
Q

pelvic inflammatory disease

A

Infection of the upper genital area; can affect the uterus, ovaries, and fallopian tubes

79
Q

perimenopause

A

Period of gradual changes that lead into menopause, affecting a woman’s hormones, body, and feelings. It can be a stop–start process that can take months or years. Hormone levels fluctuate, thereby causing changes in the menstrual cycle, which becomes irregular.

80
Q

placenta previa

A

In this condition, the placenta is improperly implanted in the lower uterine segment. The fetus receives less oxygen and the expectant mother has an increased risk of hemorrhage and infection. Placenta previa is classified as one of four degrees

81
Q

postcoital

A

Pertaining to after sexual intercourse

82
Q

preeclampsia

A

Serious complication of pregnancy characterized by increasing hypertension, proteinuria (abnormal concentrations of urinary protein), and edema; also known as pregnancy-induced hypertension

83
Q

premenstrual syndrome

A

Condition that affects certain women and can cause distressful symptoms that begin 2 weeks before the onset of menstruation. The cause is unknown but may be due to the amount of prostaglandin produced, a deficient or excessive amount of estrogen or progesterone, or an interrelationship between these factors.

84
Q

rectovaginal

A

Pertaining to the rectum and vagina

85
Q

retroversion

A

Process of being turned backward, such as the displacement of the uterus with the cervix pointed forward.

86
Q

salpingectomy

A

Surgical excision of a fallopian tube

87
Q

salpingitis

A

Inflammation of a fallopian tube

88
Q

salpingooophorectomy

A

Surgical excision of an ovary and a fallopian tube

89
Q

toxic shock syndrome

A

A serious bacterial infection caused by staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Symptoms of TSS start suddenly with vomiting, high fever (temperature at least 102°F [38.8°C]), a rapid drop in blood pressure (with lightheadedness or fainting), watery diarrhea, headache, sore throat, and muscle aches.

90
Q

uterine fibroid

A

Benign fibrous tumor of the uterus made up of muscle cells and other tissues that grow within the wall of the uterus; the most common benign tumors in women of childbearing age; also called uterine leiomyoma. Fibroids are classified into three groups based on where they grow, such as just underneath the lining of the uterus, between the muscles of the uterus, or on the outside of the uterus. Most fibroids grow within the wall of the uterus, and some grow on stalks (called peduncles) that grow out from the surface of the uterus or into the cavity of the uterus.

91
Q

vaginitis

A

Inflammation of the vagina

92
Q

-ion

A

process

93
Q

a-

A

lack of

94
Q

-rrhea

A

flow

95
Q

-itis

A

inflammation

96
Q

-scope

A

instrument for examining

97
Q

contra-

A

against

98
Q

-centesis

A

surgical puncture

99
Q

-cele

A

hernia

100
Q

dys-

A

difficult, painful

101
Q

-ia

A

condition

102
Q

ec-

A

out

103
Q

endo-

A

within

104
Q

-osis

A

condition

105
Q

-oma

A

tumor

106
Q

-ist

A

one who specializes

107
Q

-logy

A

study of

108
Q

-ectomy

A

surgical excision

109
Q

-tomy

A

incision

110
Q

-ine

A

pertaining to

111
Q

intra-

A

within

112
Q

-plasty

A

surgical repair

113
Q

-itis

A

inflammation

114
Q

-arche

A

beginning

115
Q

-rrhagia

A

to burst forth

116
Q

-genesis

A

formation, produce

117
Q

oligo-

A

scanty

118
Q

peri-

A

around

119
Q

post-

A

after

120
Q

-al

A

pertaining to

121
Q

pre-

A

before

122
Q

ec-

A

out

123
Q

-oid

A

resemble

124
Q

AB

A

abortion

125
Q

AFP

A

alpha-fetoprotein

126
Q

AROM

A

artificial rupture of membranes

127
Q

ASCUS

A

atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance

128
Q

CIN

A

cervical intraepithelial neoplasia

129
Q

CMV

A

cytomegalovirus

130
Q

COCs

A

combined oral contraceptives

131
Q

CS

A

cesarean section

132
Q

CVS

A

chorionic villus sampling

133
Q

D&C

A

dilation and curettage

134
Q

DUB

A

dysfunctional uterine bleeding

135
Q

FHB

A

fetal heartbeat

136
Q

FSH

A

follicle stimulating hormone

137
Q

GBS

A

group B streptococcus

138
Q

GTT

A

glucose tolerance test

139
Q

GYN

A

gynecology

140
Q

hCG

A

human chorionic gonadotropin

141
Q

HIV

A

human immunodeficiency virus

142
Q

HSG

A

hysterosalpingography

143
Q

HSV

A

herpes simplex virus

144
Q

HT

A

hormone therapy

145
Q

IUD

A

intrauterine device

146
Q

LH

A

luteinizing hormone

147
Q

LMP

A

last menstrual period

148
Q

NSSC

A

normal size, shape, and consistency

149
Q

NST

A

nonstress test

150
Q

OB

A

obstetrics

151
Q

OTC

A

over the counter

152
Q

Pap

A

papanicolaou (smear)

153
Q

PID

A

pelvic inflammatory disease

154
Q

PIH

A

pregnancy induced hypertension

155
Q

PMS

A

premenstrual syndrome

156
Q

PUBS

A

percutaneous umbilical blood sampling

157
Q

RM

A

recurrent miscarriage

158
Q

TAH-BSO

A

total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy

159
Q

TORCH

A

toxoplasmosis, rubella, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus

160
Q

TSS

A

toxic shock syndrome

161
Q

UE

A

unconjugated estriol

med term (18 decks)

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