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med term > ch.10 > Flashcards

ch.10 Flashcards

1
Q

alveol/o

A

small, hollow air sac

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2
Q

anthrac/o

A

coal

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3
Q

aspirat/o

A

to draw in

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4
Q

atel/o

A

imperfect

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5
Q

bronch/o

A

bronchus

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6
Q

bronchi/o

A

bronchus

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7
Q

bronchiol/o

A

bronchiole

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8
Q

coni/o

A

dust

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9
Q

cyan/o

A

dark blue

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10
Q

cyst/o

A

sac

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11
Q

fibr/o

A

fiber

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12
Q

halat/o

A

breathe

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13
Q

hem/o

A

blood

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14
Q

laryng/o

A

larynx, voice box

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15
Q

lob/o

A

lobe

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16
Q

nas/o

A

nose

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17
Q

olfact/o

A

smell

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18
Q

orth/o

A

straight

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19
Q

ox/o

A

oxygen

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20
Q

palat/o

A

palate

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21
Q

pector/o

A

chest

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22
Q

pharyng/o

A

pharynx, throat

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23
Q

phon/o

A

voice, sound

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24
Q

pleur/o

A

pleura

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25
Q

pneum/o

A

air

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26
Q

pneumon/o

A

lung

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27
Q

pulmon/o

A

lung

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28
Q

py/o

A

pus

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29
Q

respirat/o

A

breathing

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30
Q

rhin/o

A

nose

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31
Q

rhonch/o

A

snore

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32
Q

sarc/o

A

flesh

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33
Q

spir/o

A

breathe

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34
Q

thorac/o

A

chest

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35
Q

tonsill/o

A

tonsil

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36
Q

trache/o

A

trachea

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37
Q

tubercul/o

A

a little swelling, nodule

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38
Q

ventilat/o

A

to air

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39
Q

vir/o

A

virus (poison)

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40
Q

log

A

study

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41
Q

sinus

A

curve, hollow

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42
Q

sphyxis, sphyx

A

pulse

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43
Q

alveolus

A

pertaining to a small air sac in the lungs

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44
Q

anthracosis

A

lung condition caused by inhalation of coal dust and silica; black lung

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45
Q

apnea

A

Temporary cessation of breathing. Sleep apnea is a temporary cessation of breathing during sleep. Obstructive apnea is caused by obstruction to the upper airway. Central apnea is marked by absence of respiratory muscle activity.

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46
Q

asphyxia

A

Emergency condition in which there is a depletion of oxygen in the blood with an increase of carbon dioxide in the blood and tissues

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47
Q

aspiration

A

The act of drawing in or out by suction using a device such as a syringe or needle; the process of drawing foreign bodies—such as food, liquid, or other substances—into the nose, throat, or lungs on inspiration

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48
Q

asthma

A

Disease of the bronchi characterized by wheezing, dyspnea, and a feeling of constriction in the chest. Inflammation of the airways causes airflow into and out of the lungs to be restricted. During an asthma attack, the muscles of the bronchial tree constrict and the linings of the air passages swell, reducing airflow and producing the characteristic wheezing sound.

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49
Q

atelectasis

A

A disorder characterized by the collapse of part of or the entire lung or failure of the lung to expand (inflate) completely; collapsed lung

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50
Q

bronchiectasis

A

Chronic dilation of a bronchus or bronchi, with a secondary infection that usually involves the lower portion of a lung

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51
Q

bronchiolitis

A

inflammation of the bronchioles

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52
Q

bronchitis

A

inflammation of the bronchi

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53
Q

bronchoscope

A

medical instrument used to visually examine the bronchi

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54
Q

carbon dioxide

A

colorless, odorless gas produced by the oxidation of carbon; it is a waste gas from metabolism that needs to be exhaled

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55
Q

cheyne-stokes respiration

A

Rhythmic cycle of breathing with a gradual increase in respiration followed by apnea (which may last from 10 to 60 seconds), then a repeat of the same cycle

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56
Q

cough

A

Sudden, forceful expulsion of air from the lungs; an essential protective response that clears irritants, secretions, or foreign objects from the trachea, bronchi, and/or lungs

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57
Q

croup

A

Acute respiratory disease (ARD) characterized by obstruction of the larynx, a barking cough, dyspnea, hoarseness, and stridor (high-pitched noisy breathing).

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58
Q

cyanosis

A

Abnormal condition of the skin and mucous membrane caused by oxygen deficiency in the blood. The skin, fingernails, and mucous membranes can appear slightly bluish or grayish.

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59
Q

cystic fibrosis

A

Inherited disease that affects the entire body, causing progressive disability and often early death. The name cystic fibrosis refers to the characteristic scarring (fibrosis) and cyst formation within the pancreas.

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60
Q

dysphonia

A

condition of difficulty in speaking; hoarseness

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61
Q

dyspnea

A

difficulty in breathing

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62
Q

emphysema

A

Chronic pulmonary disease in which the alveoli become distended and the alveolar walls become damaged or destroyed, making it difficult to exhale air from the lungs. It is included in a group of diseases (chronic bronchitis, emphysema) called chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or COPD. The primary cause of emphysema is cigarette smoking.

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63
Q

empyema

A

pus in a body cavity, especially the pleural cavity

64
Q

endotracheal

A

within the trachea

65
Q

epistaxis

A

nosebleed

66
Q

eupnea

A

good or normal breathing

67
Q

exhalation

A

process of breathing out

68
Q

expectoration

A

Process of coughing up and spitting out material (sputum) from the lungs, bronchi, and trachea

69
Q

heimlich maneuver

A

A first aid technique used to force an upper airway obstruction (usually a bolus of food) out of the trachea; also called abdominal thrusts.

70
Q

hemoptysis

A

spitting up blood

71
Q

hyperpnea

A

abnormally deep and rapid breathing

72
Q

hyperventilation

A

Process of excessive ventilating, thereby increasing the air in the lungs beyond the normal limi

73
Q

hypoxemia

A

deficient amount of oxygen in the blood

74
Q

influenza

A

acute, contagious respiratory infection caused by a virus

75
Q

inhalation

A

process of breathing in

76
Q

laryngeal

A

pertaining to the larynx

77
Q

laryngitis

A

inflammation of the larynx

78
Q

laryngoscope

A

medical instrument used to visually examine the larynx

79
Q

legionnaires disease

A

severe pulmonary pneumonia caused by a bacterium called Legionella pneumophila

80
Q

lobectomy

A

surgical excision of a love of any organ or gland (like lung)

81
Q

lung cancer

A

a cancer that begins in the lungs (bronchi, bronchioles, and/or alveoli)

82
Q

mesothelioma

A

Malignant tumor of the mesothelium (serous membrane of the pleura) found most often in people who smoke or people with a history of exposure to asbestos

83
Q

nasopharyngitis

A

inflammation of the nose and pharynx

84
Q

olfaction

A

process of smelling

85
Q

orthopnea

A

inability to breath unless in an upright or straight position

86
Q

palatopharyngoplasty

A

acute, infectious disease caused by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis; whooping cough

87
Q

pharyngitis

A

inflammation of the pharynx

88
Q

pleurisy

A

Inflammation of the pleura caused by injury, infection, or a tumor. The inflamed pleural layers rub against each other every time the lungs expand to breathe in air, which can cause sharp pain with breathing

89
Q

pleuritis

A

inflammation of the pleura

90
Q

pleurodynia

A

pain in the pleura

91
Q

pneumoconiosis

A

abnormal condition of the lung caused by the inhalation of dust particles

92
Q

pneumonectomy

A

surgical excision of the left or right lung

93
Q

pneumonia

A

Inflammation of the lung caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, or chemical irritants.

94
Q

pneumonitis

A

inflammation of the lung

95
Q

pneumothorax

A

A pathological condition in which there is a collection of air between the chest wall and lungs, causing the lung to collapse. It may occur spontaneously or after physical trauma to the chest or as a complication of medical treatment.

96
Q

pulmonologist

A

Physician who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary diseases

97
Q

pulmonology

A

the study of pulmonary diseases

98
Q

rale

A

Abnormal sound heard on auscultation of the chest; a crackling, rattling, or bubbling sound

99
Q

respirator

A

Medical device used to assist in breathing; type of machine used for prolonged artificial respiration

100
Q

respiratory syncytial virus infection

A

Most common cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia among infants and children under 2 years of age. It is contagious and spreads through the respiratory secretions of infected persons or contact with contaminated surfaces or objects.

101
Q

rhinoplasty

A

surgical repair of the nose

102
Q

rhinorrhea

A

discharge from the nose

103
Q

rhinovirus

A

one of a subgroup of viruses that causes the common cold in humans

104
Q

rhonchus

A

Rale or rattling sound in the throat or bronchial tubes caused by a partial obstruction

105
Q

sarcoidosis

A

Chronic granulomatous condition that can involve almost any organ system of the body, usually the lungs, causing dyspnea on exertion

106
Q

severe acute respiratory syndrome

A

Contagious viral respiratory infection that was first described in 2003; serious form of pneumonia resulting in acute respiratory distress and sometimes death

107
Q

sinusitis

A

inflammation of a sinus

108
Q

spirometer

A

Medical instrument used to measure lung volume during inspiration and expiration

109
Q

sputum

A

Substance coughed up from the lungs; can be watery, thick, purulent, clear, or bloody and can contain microorganisms

110
Q

stridor

A

high pitched sound caused by partial obstruction of the air passageway

111
Q

tachypnea

A

rapid breathing

112
Q

thoracocentesis

A

Surgical puncture of the chest wall for removal of fluid; also called thoracentesis. Can be used in pleurisy to remove excess fluid that has accumulated in the chest cavity

113
Q

thoracoplasty

A

surgical repair of the chest wall

114
Q

thoracotomy

A

incision into the chest wall

115
Q

tonsilitis

A

inflammation of the tonsils

116
Q

tracheal

A

pertaining to the trachea

117
Q

tracheostomy

A

new opening into the trachea

118
Q

tracheotomy

A

incision into the trachea

119
Q

tuberculosis

A

Infectious disease caused by the tubercle bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which can form tubercles (soft nodules of necrosis) in the lungs and other infected parts of the body

120
Q

ventilator

A

A machine that supports breathing; ventilators are used to breathe for individuals who are unable to breathe on their own

121
Q

wheeze

A

a high pitched whistling sound caused by constriction of the air passageway

122
Q

AAP

A

American academy of pediatrics

123
Q

ABGs

A

arterial blood gases

124
Q

ACIP

A

advisory committee if immunization practices

125
Q

AFB

A

acid-fast bacilli

126
Q

ARD

A

acute respiratory disease

127
Q

ARDS

A

acute respiratory distress syndrome

128
Q

ASO

A

antistreptolysin O

129
Q

CF

A

cystic fibrosis

130
Q

COPD

A

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

131
Q

CXR

A

chest xray

132
Q

DTaP

A

diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis

133
Q

ERV

A

expiratory reserve volume

134
Q

ET

A

endotracheal

135
Q

FIV

A

forced inspiratory volume

136
Q

FRC

A

functional residual capacity

137
Q

F-V loop

A

flow volume loop

138
Q

HMD

A

hyaline membrane disease

139
Q

IC

A

inspiratory capacity

140
Q

IGRA

A

interferon-gamma release assay

141
Q

IRDS

A

infant respiratory distress syndrome

142
Q

IRV

A

inspiratory reserve volume

143
Q

IV

A

intravenous

144
Q

LTBI

A

latent TB infection

145
Q

MVV

A

maximal voluntary ventilation

146
Q

NRDS

A

neonatal respiratory distress syndrome

147
Q

NSCLC

A

non small cell lung cancer

148
Q

R

A

respiration

149
Q

RD

A

respiratory disease

150
Q

RDS

A

respiratory distress syndrome

151
Q

RSV

A

respiratory syncytial virus

152
Q

RV

A

residual volume

153
Q

SARS

A

severe acute respiratory syndrome

154
Q

TLC

A

total lung capacity

155
Q

TV

A

tidal volume

156
Q

VC

A

vital capacity

med term (18 decks)

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