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med term > ch.11 > Flashcards

ch.11 Flashcards

1
Q

albumin/o

A

protein

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2
Q

bacteri/o

A

bacteria

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3
Q

bil/i

A

bile

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4
Q

calc/i

A

calcium

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5
Q

corpor/o

A

body

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6
Q

cutane/o

A

skin

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7
Q

cyst/o

A

bladder

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8
Q

glomerul/o

A

glomerulus, little ball

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9
Q

glycos/o

A

glucose, sugar

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10
Q

hem/o

A

blood

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11
Q

hemat/o

A

blood

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12
Q

keton/o

A

ketone

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13
Q

lith/o

A

stone

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14
Q

meat/o

A

passage

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15
Q

nephr/o

A

kidney

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16
Q

noct/o

A

night

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17
Q

perine/o

A

perineum

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18
Q

peritone/o

A

peritoneum

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19
Q

py/o

A

pus

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20
Q

pyel/o

A

renal pelvis

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21
Q

ren/o

A

kidney

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22
Q

scler/o

A

hardening

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23
Q

son/o

A

sound

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24
Q

ur/o

A

urine, urinate, urination

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25
Q

ureter/o

A

ureter

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26
Q

urethr/o

A

urethra

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27
Q

urinat/o

A

urine

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28
Q

contin

A

to hold

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29
Q

excretor

A

sifted out

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30
Q

strict

A

to draw, ti bind

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31
Q

uret

A

urine

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32
Q

albuminuria

A

Indicates the presence of serum protein in the urine. Albumin is the major protein in blood plasma.

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33
Q

antidiuretic

A

Pertaining to a medication that decreases urine production and secretion

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34
Q

anuria

A

without the formation of urine; lack of urine production

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35
Q

bacteriuria

A

Presence of bacteria in the urine

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36
Q

calciuria

A

presence of calcium in the urine

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37
Q

calculus

A

Pebble; any abnormal concretion (stone); plural: calculi

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38
Q

catheter

A

Tube of plastic, silicone, rubber, or plastic that is inserted into a body cavity to remove fluid or to inject fluid.

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39
Q

chronic kidney disease

A

Disease that results from any condition that causes gradual loss of kidney function. When the kidneys are damaged and cannot filter blood as well as healthy kidneys, waste from the blood remains in the body. CKD can lead to kidney failure

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40
Q

cystectomy

A

Surgical excision of the bladder or part of the bladder

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41
Q

cystitis

A

Inflammation of the bladder, usually occurring secondarily to ascending urinary tract infections.

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42
Q

cystocele

A

Hernia of the bladder that protrudes into the vagina

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43
Q

cystogram

A

An x-ray record of the bladder

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44
Q

cystolith

A

A bladder stone; a vesical calculus

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45
Q

cystoscope

A

Medical instrument used for visual examination of the bladder

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46
Q

dialysis

A

Medical procedure to separate waste material from the blood and to maintain fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance in impaired kidney function or in the absence of a kidney.

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47
Q

diuresis

A

Pathological condition of increased or excessive flow of urine;

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48
Q

dysuria

A

Difficult or painful urination

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49
Q

edema

A

Pathological condition in which the body tissues contain an accumulation of fluid

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50
Q

enuresis

A

Condition of involuntary emission of urine; bedwetting

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51
Q

excretory

A

Pertaining to the elimination of waste products from the body

52
Q

extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy

A

Process whereby a medical device is used to crush kidney stones (renal calculi). The patient is usually sedated and a computerized x-ray machine is used to pinpoint the location of the stone within the kidney. A series of shock waves (several hundred to two thousand) is administered to the stone, pounding it until it crumbles into small pieces. These pieces are generally flushed out with urine

53
Q

glomerular

A

pertaining to the glomerulus; a network of blood vessels located within the glomerular (Bowman) capsule that permits a greater surface area for filtration

54
Q

glomerulitis

A

inflammation of the renal glomeruli

55
Q

glomerulonephritis

A

Inflammation of the kidney involving primarily the glomeruli.

56
Q

glycosuria

A

presence of glucose in the urine

57
Q

hematuria

A

Presence of red blood cells (erythrocytes) in the urine.

58
Q

hemodialysis

A

use of an artificial kidney to separate waste from the blood. The blood is circulated through tubes made of semipermeable membranes, and these tubes are continually bathed by solutions that remove waste.

59
Q

hydronephrosis

A

Pathological condition in which urine collects in the renal pelvis because of an obstructed outflow, thereby causing distention and damage to the kidney

60
Q

hypercalciuria

A

Excessive amount of calcium in the urine

61
Q

incontinence

A

Inability to hold or control urination or defecation

62
Q

interstitial cystitis

A

Chronically irritable and painful inflammation of the bladder wall

63
Q

ketonuria

A

Presence of ketones in the urine resulting from breakdown of fats due to faulty or inadequate carbohydrate metabolism

64
Q

lithotripsy

A

crushing of a kidney stone

65
Q

meatotomy

A

Opening or passage; the external opening of the urethra

66
Q

nephrectomy

A

Surgical excision of a kidney

67
Q

nephritis

A

inflammation of the kidneys

68
Q

nephrolithiasis

A

Commonly called kidney stones; usually deposits of mineral salts, called calculi, in the kidney. These stones can pass into the ureter, irritate kidney tissue, and block urine flow.

69
Q

nephrology

A

study of the kidney; study of kidney function as well as diagnosis and treatment of renal diseases

70
Q

nephroma

A

kidney tumor

71
Q

nephron

A

Basic structural and functional unit of the kidney

72
Q

nephropathy

A

Pathological disease of the kidney

73
Q

nephrosclerosis

A

Condition of hardening of the kidney

74
Q

nocturia

A

Urination during the night

75
Q

oliguria

A

Scanty, decreased amount of urine.

76
Q

percutaneous ultrasonic lithotripsy

A

Crushing of a kidney stone by using ultrasound. This is an invasive surgical procedure performed by using a nephroscope.

77
Q

peritoneal dialysis

A

Separation of waste from the blood by using a peritoneal catheter and dialysis. Fluid is introduced into the peritoneal cavity, and wastes from the blood pass into this fluid. The fluid and waste are then removed from the body.

78
Q

periurethral

A

pertaining to around the urethra; the immediate area surrounding the urethra

79
Q

polyuria

A

much urine; frequent urination

80
Q

pyelitis

A

inflammation of the renal pelvis

81
Q

pyelolithotomy

A

Surgical incision into the renal pelvis for removal of a stone

82
Q

pyelonephritis

A

Inflammation of the kidney and renal pelvis.

83
Q

pyuria

A

Pus or white blood cells in the urine

84
Q

renal

A

pertaining to the kidney

85
Q

renal colic

A

Sharp, severe pain in the lower back over the kidney, radiating forward into the groin. It usually accompanies forcible dilation of a ureter, followed by spasm as a stone is lodged or passed through it.

86
Q

renal failure

A

Pathological failure of the kidney to function; also referred to as kidney failure

87
Q

renal transplantation

A

The organ transplant of a healthy donor kidney into a patient with end-stage renal disease. The transplanted kidney takes over the work of the two kidneys that failed, so dialysis is no longer needed. Also called kidney transplantation

88
Q

renin

A

An enzyme produced by the kidney that stimulates vasoconstriction and secretion of aldosterone.

89
Q

sediment

A

Substance that settles at the bottom of a liquid; a precipitate

90
Q

sterile

A

State of being free from living microorganisms; aseptic

91
Q

uremia

A

excess of urea, creatinine, and other nitrogenous end products of protein and amino acid metabolism accumulated in the blood; also referred to as azotemia

92
Q

ureteroplasty

A

surgical repair of a ureter

93
Q

ureterostomy

A

Surgical creation of a new opening into the ureter to provide an alternate route for drainage of urine

94
Q

urethral stricture

A

Narrowing or constriction of the urethra

95
Q

urethroperineal

A

Pertaining to the urethra and perineum

96
Q

urgency

A

Sudden need to void, urinate

97
Q

urination

A

the release of urine from the bladder through the urethra to the outside of the body; to void

98
Q

urobilin

A

Brown pigment formed by the oxidation of urobilinogen; may be formed in the urine after exposure to air

99
Q

urochrome

A

pigment that gives urine the normal yellow color

100
Q

urologist

A

physician who specializes in the study of the urinary system

101
Q

urology

A

study of the urinary system

102
Q

AGN

A

acute glomerulonephritis

103
Q

ANS

A

acute nephritic syndrome

104
Q

BPH

A

benign prostatic hyperplasia

105
Q

BUN

A

blood urea nitrogen

106
Q

CAPD

A

continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis

107
Q

CGN

A

chronic glomerulonephritis

108
Q

CKD

A

chronic kidney disease

109
Q

CLIA

A

clinical laboratory improvement amendments

110
Q

CT KUB

A

computed tomography of kidneys, ureters, bladder

111
Q

cysto

A

cystoscopy

112
Q

ESRD

A

end stage renal disease

113
Q

ESWL

A

extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy

114
Q

GFR

A

glomerular filtration rate

115
Q

GU

A

genitourinary

116
Q

IC

A

interstitial cystitis

117
Q

IPD

A

intermittent peritoneal disease

118
Q

IVP

A

intravenous pyelogram

119
Q

PD

A

peritoneal dialysis

120
Q

pH

A

hydrogen ion concentration

121
Q

PUL

A

percutaneous ultrasonic lithotripsy

122
Q

RP

A

retrograde pyelography

123
Q

sp. gr.

A

specific gravity

124
Q

UA

A

urinalysis

125
Q

UG

A

urogenital

126
Q

UTI

A

urinary tract infection

med term (18 decks)

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