ch.11 Flashcards
1
Q
albumin/o
A
protein
2
Q
bacteri/o
A
bacteria
3
Q
bil/i
A
bile
4
Q
calc/i
A
calcium
5
Q
corpor/o
A
body
6
Q
cutane/o
A
skin
7
Q
cyst/o
A
bladder
8
Q
glomerul/o
A
glomerulus, little ball
9
Q
glycos/o
A
glucose, sugar
10
Q
hem/o
A
blood
11
Q
hemat/o
A
blood
12
Q
keton/o
A
ketone
13
Q
lith/o
A
stone
14
Q
meat/o
A
passage
15
Q
nephr/o
A
kidney
16
Q
noct/o
A
night
17
Q
perine/o
A
perineum
18
Q
peritone/o
A
peritoneum
19
Q
py/o
A
pus
20
Q
pyel/o
A
renal pelvis
21
Q
ren/o
A
kidney
22
Q
scler/o
A
hardening
23
Q
son/o
A
sound
24
Q
ur/o
A
urine, urinate, urination
25
ureter/o
ureter
26
urethr/o
urethra
27
urinat/o
urine
28
contin
to hold
29
excretor
sifted out
30
strict
to draw, ti bind
31
uret
urine
32
albuminuria
Indicates the presence of serum protein in the urine. Albumin is the major protein in blood plasma.
33
antidiuretic
Pertaining to a medication that decreases urine production and secretion
34
anuria
without the formation of urine; lack of urine production
35
bacteriuria
Presence of bacteria in the urine
36
calciuria
presence of calcium in the urine
37
calculus
Pebble; any abnormal concretion (stone); plural: calculi
38
catheter
Tube of plastic, silicone, rubber, or plastic that is inserted into a body cavity to remove fluid or to inject fluid.
39
chronic kidney disease
Disease that results from any condition that causes gradual loss of kidney function. When the kidneys are damaged and cannot filter blood as well as healthy kidneys, waste from the blood remains in the body. CKD can lead to kidney failure
40
cystectomy
Surgical excision of the bladder or part of the bladder
41
cystitis
Inflammation of the bladder, usually occurring secondarily to ascending urinary tract infections.
42
cystocele
Hernia of the bladder that protrudes into the vagina
43
cystogram
An x-ray record of the bladder
44
cystolith
A bladder stone; a vesical calculus
45
cystoscope
Medical instrument used for visual examination of the bladder
46
dialysis
Medical procedure to separate waste material from the blood and to maintain fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance in impaired kidney function or in the absence of a kidney.
47
diuresis
Pathological condition of increased or excessive flow of urine;
48
dysuria
Difficult or painful urination
49
edema
Pathological condition in which the body tissues contain an accumulation of fluid
50
enuresis
Condition of involuntary emission of urine; bedwetting
51
excretory
Pertaining to the elimination of waste products from the body
52
extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy
Process whereby a medical device is used to crush kidney stones (renal calculi). The patient is usually sedated and a computerized x-ray machine is used to pinpoint the location of the stone within the kidney. A series of shock waves (several hundred to two thousand) is administered to the stone, pounding it until it crumbles into small pieces. These pieces are generally flushed out with urine
53
glomerular
pertaining to the glomerulus; a network of blood vessels located within the glomerular (Bowman) capsule that permits a greater surface area for filtration
54
glomerulitis
inflammation of the renal glomeruli
55
glomerulonephritis
Inflammation of the kidney involving primarily the glomeruli.
56
glycosuria
presence of glucose in the urine
57
hematuria
Presence of red blood cells (erythrocytes) in the urine.
58
hemodialysis
use of an artificial kidney to separate waste from the blood. The blood is circulated through tubes made of semipermeable membranes, and these tubes are continually bathed by solutions that remove waste.
59
hydronephrosis
Pathological condition in which urine collects in the renal pelvis because of an obstructed outflow, thereby causing distention and damage to the kidney
60
hypercalciuria
Excessive amount of calcium in the urine
61
incontinence
Inability to hold or control urination or defecation
62
interstitial cystitis
Chronically irritable and painful inflammation of the bladder wall
63
ketonuria
Presence of ketones in the urine resulting from breakdown of fats due to faulty or inadequate carbohydrate metabolism
64
lithotripsy
crushing of a kidney stone
65
meatotomy
Opening or passage; the external opening of the urethra
66
nephrectomy
Surgical excision of a kidney
67
nephritis
inflammation of the kidneys
68
nephrolithiasis
Commonly called kidney stones; usually deposits of mineral salts, called calculi, in the kidney. These stones can pass into the ureter, irritate kidney tissue, and block urine flow.
69
nephrology
study of the kidney; study of kidney function as well as diagnosis and treatment of renal diseases
70
nephroma
kidney tumor
71
nephron
Basic structural and functional unit of the kidney
72
nephropathy
Pathological disease of the kidney
73
nephrosclerosis
Condition of hardening of the kidney
74
nocturia
Urination during the night
75
oliguria
Scanty, decreased amount of urine.
76
percutaneous ultrasonic lithotripsy
Crushing of a kidney stone by using ultrasound. This is an invasive surgical procedure performed by using a nephroscope.
77
peritoneal dialysis
Separation of waste from the blood by using a peritoneal catheter and dialysis. Fluid is introduced into the peritoneal cavity, and wastes from the blood pass into this fluid. The fluid and waste are then removed from the body.
78
periurethral
pertaining to around the urethra; the immediate area surrounding the urethra
79
polyuria
much urine; frequent urination
80
pyelitis
inflammation of the renal pelvis
81
pyelolithotomy
Surgical incision into the renal pelvis for removal of a stone
82
pyelonephritis
Inflammation of the kidney and renal pelvis.
83
pyuria
Pus or white blood cells in the urine
84
renal
pertaining to the kidney
85
renal colic
Sharp, severe pain in the lower back over the kidney, radiating forward into the groin. It usually accompanies forcible dilation of a ureter, followed by spasm as a stone is lodged or passed through it.
86
renal failure
Pathological failure of the kidney to function; also referred to as kidney failure
87
renal transplantation
The organ transplant of a healthy donor kidney into a patient with end-stage renal disease. The transplanted kidney takes over the work of the two kidneys that failed, so dialysis is no longer needed. Also called kidney transplantation
88
renin
An enzyme produced by the kidney that stimulates vasoconstriction and secretion of aldosterone.
89
sediment
Substance that settles at the bottom of a liquid; a precipitate
90
sterile
State of being free from living microorganisms; aseptic
91
uremia
excess of urea, creatinine, and other nitrogenous end products of protein and amino acid metabolism accumulated in the blood; also referred to as azotemia
92
ureteroplasty
surgical repair of a ureter
93
ureterostomy
Surgical creation of a new opening into the ureter to provide an alternate route for drainage of urine
94
urethral stricture
Narrowing or constriction of the urethra
95
urethroperineal
Pertaining to the urethra and perineum
96
urgency
Sudden need to void, urinate
97
urination
the release of urine from the bladder through the urethra to the outside of the body; to void
98
urobilin
Brown pigment formed by the oxidation of urobilinogen; may be formed in the urine after exposure to air
99
urochrome
pigment that gives urine the normal yellow color
100
urologist
physician who specializes in the study of the urinary system
101
urology
study of the urinary system
102
AGN
acute glomerulonephritis
103
ANS
acute nephritic syndrome
104
BPH
benign prostatic hyperplasia
105
BUN
blood urea nitrogen
106
CAPD
continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis
107
CGN
chronic glomerulonephritis
108
CKD
chronic kidney disease
109
CLIA
clinical laboratory improvement amendments
110
CT KUB
computed tomography of kidneys, ureters, bladder
111
cysto
cystoscopy
112
ESRD
end stage renal disease
113
ESWL
extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy
114
GFR
glomerular filtration rate
115
GU
genitourinary
116
IC
interstitial cystitis
117
IPD
intermittent peritoneal disease
118
IVP
intravenous pyelogram
119
PD
peritoneal dialysis
120
pH
hydrogen ion concentration
121
PUL
percutaneous ultrasonic lithotripsy
122
RP
retrograde pyelography
123
sp. gr.
specific gravity
124
UA
urinalysis
125
UG
urogenital
126
UTI
urinary tract infection
