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med term > Ch. 6 > Flashcards

Ch. 6 Flashcards

1
Q

antagonist

A

muscle that counteracts the action of another muscle

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2
Q

agonist

A

muscle that is primary in a given movement

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3
Q

synergist

A

muscle that acts with another muscle to produce and assist movement

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4
Q

tonicity

A

muscles help to maintain posture through a continual partial contraction of skeletal muscles

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5
Q

agon/o

A

agony, a contest

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6
Q

amputat/o

A

to cut through

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7
Q

brach/i, brachi/o

A

arm

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8
Q

cleid/o

A

clavicle

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9
Q

dactyl/o

A

finger or toe

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10
Q

dermat/o

A

skin

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11
Q

duct/o

A

to lead

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12
Q

fasci/o

A

a band

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13
Q

fibr/o

A

fiber

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14
Q

is/o

A

equal

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15
Q

mast/o

A

mastoid process

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16
Q

metr/o

A

to measure

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17
Q

muscul/o

A

muscle

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18
Q

my/o

A

muscle

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19
Q

nuer/o

A

nerve

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20
Q

path/o

A

disease

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21
Q

prosth/e

A

an addition

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22
Q

rhabd/o

A

rod

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23
Q

rheumat/o

A

discharge

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24
Q

rotat/o

A

to turn

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25
Q

sarc/o

A

flesh

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26
Q

scler/o

A

hardening

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27
Q

stern/o

A

sternum

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28
Q

synov/o

A

synovial

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29
Q

ten/o

A

tendon

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30
Q

therm/o

A

hot, heat

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31
Q

ton/o

A

tone, tension

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32
Q

tors/o

A

twisted

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33
Q

tort/i

A

twisted

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34
Q

tract/o

A

to draw

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35
Q

troph/o

A

nourishment, development

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36
Q

volunt/o

A

will

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37
Q

collis

A

neck

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38
Q

gravis

A

grave

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39
Q

levat

A

lifter

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40
Q

log

A

study

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41
Q

relaxat

A

to loosen

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42
Q

sert

A

to gain

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43
Q

spastic

A

convulsive

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44
Q

abductor

A

muscle that on contraction draws away from the middle

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45
Q

adductor

A

muscle that draws a part toward the middle

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46
Q

amputation

A

surgical or traumatic removal of a limb, part, or other appendage

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47
Q

aponeurosis

A

A strong, flat sheet of fibrous connective tissue that serves as a tendon to attach muscles to bone or as fascia to bind muscles together or to other tissues at their origin or insertion

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48
Q

ataxia

A

lack of muscular coordination

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49
Q

atonic

A

pertaining to a lack of normal tone or tension

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50
Q

atrophy

A

lack of nourishment

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51
Q

biceps

A

muscle with two heads or points of origin

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52
Q

brachialgia

A

pain in the arm

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53
Q

bradykinesia

A

slowness of motion or movement

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54
Q

contraction

A

process of drawing up and thickening of a muscle fiber

55
Q

contracture

A

A fibrosis of connective tissue in skin, fascia, muscle, or joint capsule that prevents normal mobility of the related tissue or joint. With a muscular contracture, a muscle shortens and renders the muscle resistant to the normal stretching process

56
Q

dactylospasm

A

cramp of a finger or toe

57
Q

dermatomyositis

A

Acute or chronic disease with systemic pathology; inflammation of the muscles and the skin; a connective tissue disease characterized by edema, dermatitis, and inflammation of the muscles

58
Q

diaphragm

A

partition of muscles and membranes that separates the chest cavity and the abdominal cavity. it is the major muscle of breathing

59
Q

diathermy

A

treatment using high frequency current to produce heat within a part of the body: used to increase blood flow

60
Q

dystonia

A

condition of impaired muscle tone

61
Q

dystrophin

A

protein found in muscle cells. if absent, muscle wasting occurs

62
Q

dystrophy

A

any condition of abnormal development caused by defective nourishment, often noted by the degeneration of muscles

63
Q

exercise

A

performed activity of the muscles for improvement of health or correction of deformity

64
Q

fascia

A

thin layer of connective tissue covering, supporting, or connecting the muscles or inner organs of the body

65
Q

fascilitis

A

inflammation of a fascia

66
Q

fatigue

A

state of tiredness occurring in a muscle as a result of repeated contractions

67
Q

fibromyalgia syndrome

A

Disorder that affects the muscles and soft tissue; symptoms include chronic muscle pain (myalgia), fatigue, sleep disorders, irritable bowel syndrome, depression, and chronic headaches. Although the exact cause is still unknown, fibromyalgia is often traced to an injury or physical or emotional trauma.

68
Q

fibromyitis

A

inflammation of muscle and fibrous tissue

69
Q

first aid treatment- RICE

A

rest, ice, compression, elevation

70
Q

flaccid

A

lacking muscle tone; weak, soft, flabby

71
Q

heat

A

Treatment using application of heat (thermotherapy) can be used 48–72 hours after the injury. Types of thermotherapy include heating pad, hot water bottle, hot packs, infrared light, and immersion of body part in warm wate

72
Q

hydrotherapy

A

treatment using scientific application of water (hot tub, cold bath)

73
Q

insertion

A

point of attachment of a muscle to the part that it moves

74
Q

intramuscular

A

pertaining to within a muscle

75
Q

isometric

A

pertaining to having equal measure

76
Q

isotonic

A

pertaining to having the same tone or tension

77
Q

levator

A

muscle that raises or elevates a part

78
Q

massage

A

kneading that applies pressure and friction to external body tissues

79
Q

muscle spasm

A

nvoluntary contraction of one or more muscles; usually accompanied by pain and limitation of function

80
Q

muscular dystrophy

A

Refers to a group of genetic diseases characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of the skeletal or voluntary muscles that control movement.

81
Q

myalgia

A

pain in the muscle

82
Q

myasthenia gravis

A

Chronic autoimmune neuromuscular disease characterized by varying degrees of weakness of the skeletal (voluntary) muscles of the body. Its name, which is Latin and Greek in origin, literally means grave muscle weakness. The primary symptom is muscle weakness that increases during periods of activity and improves after periods of rest.

83
Q

myoblast

A

embryonic cell that develops into a cell of muscle fiber

84
Q

myofibroma

A

tumor that contains muscle and fiber

85
Q

myograph

A

instrument used to record muscle contractions

86
Q

myokinesis

A

muscular motion or activity

87
Q

myoma

A

tumor containing muscle tissue

88
Q

myomalacia

A

softening of muscle tissue

89
Q

myoparesis

A

weakness or slight paralysis of a muscle

90
Q

myopathy

A

muscle disease

91
Q

myoplasty

A

surgical repair of a muscle

92
Q

myorrhaphy

A

surgical suture of a muscle wound

93
Q

myosarcoma

A

malignant tumor derived from muscle tissue

94
Q

myosclerosis

A

abnormal condition of hardening of muscle

95
Q

myositis

A

inflammation of a muscle tissue, especially skeletal muscles

96
Q

myospasm

A

spasmodic contraction of a muscle

97
Q

myotome

A

surgical instrument used to cut muscle

98
Q

myotomy

A

surgical incision into a muscle

99
Q

neuromuscular

A

pertaining to both nerves and muscles

100
Q

neuromyopathic

A

pertaining to a disease condition involving both nerves and muscles

101
Q

polyplegia

A

paralysis affecting many muscles

102
Q

position

A

bodily posture or attitude

103
Q

prosthesis

A

artificial device used to replace an organ or body part

104
Q

quadriceps

A

muscle that has four heads or points of origin

105
Q

relaxation

A

process in which a muscle loosens and returns to a resting stage

106
Q

rhabdomyoma

A

tumor of striated muscle tissue

107
Q

rheumatism

A

general term used to describe conditions characterized by inflammation, soreness, and stiffness of muscles and pain in joints

108
Q

rheumatology

A

study of rheumatic diseases

109
Q

rigor mortis

A

stiffness of skeletal muscles seen in death

110
Q

rotation

A

process of moving a body part around a central axis

111
Q

rotator cuff

A

group of muscles and their tendons that act to stabilize the shoulder

112
Q

sarcolemma

A

plasma membrane surrounding each striated muscle fiber

113
Q

spasticity

A

condition of increased muscular tone causing stiff and awkward movements

114
Q

AE

A

above elbow

115
Q

AK

A

above knee

116
Q

ALD

117
Q

ALT

A

alanine aminotransferase

118
Q

BE

A

below elbow

119
Q

BK

A

below knee

120
Q

Ca

121
Q

CK

A

creatine kinase

122
Q

EMG

A

electromyography

123
Q

FMS

A

fibromyalgia syndrome

124
Q

FROM

A

full range of motion

125
Q

IM

A

intramuscular

126
Q

LDH, LD

A

lactic dehydrogenase

127
Q

MD

A

muscle dystrophy

128
Q

MG

A

myasthenia gravis

129
Q

MS

A

musculoskeletal

130
Q

NCI

A

national cancer institute

131
Q

NIH

A

national institutes of health

132
Q

ROM

A

range of motion

133
Q

SOB

A

shortness of breath

med term (18 decks)

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