ch. 15 Flashcards
1
Q
ambly/o
A
dull
2
Q
anis/o
A
unequal
3
Q
blephar/o
A
eyelid
4
Q
choroid/o
A
choroid
5
Q
conjunctiv/o
A
to join together, conjunctiva
6
Q
cor/o
A
pupil
7
Q
corne/o
A
cornea
8
Q
cry/o
A
cold
9
Q
cycl/o
A
ciliary body
10
Q
dacry/o
A
tear, lacrimal duct, tear duct
11
Q
dipl/o
A
double
12
Q
electr/o
A
electricity
13
Q
fibr/o
A
fiber
14
Q
foc/o
A
focus
15
Q
goni/o
A
angle
16
Q
irid/o
A
iris
17
Q
kerat/o
A
cornea
18
Q
lacrim/o
A
tear, lacrimal duct, tear duct
19
Q
lent/o
A
lens
20
Q
metr/o
A
measure
21
Q
mi/o
A
less, small
22
Q
ocul/o
A
eye
23
Q
ophthalm/o
A
eye
24
Q
opt/o
A
eye
25
orth/o
straight
26
phac/o
lens
27
phak/o
lens
28
phot/o
light
29
presby/o
old
30
pupill/o
pupil
31
retin/o
retina
32
scler/o
sclera, hardening
33
stigmat/o
point
34
surg/o
surgery
35
ton/o
tone, tension
36
trich/o
hair
37
trop/o
turn
38
uve/o
uvea
39
xen/o
foreign material
40
xer/o
dry
41
coagulat
to clot
42
emulsificat
disintegrate
43
enucleat
to remove the kernel of
44
log
study
45
mydriat
dilate, widen
46
nyctal
night
47
strabism
squinting
48
accommodation
Process by which the eyes make adjustments to see objects at various distances
49
amblyopia
Dullness of vision; reduced or dimness of vision; also called lazy eye
50
anisocoria
Condition in which the pupils are unequal in size
51
aphakia
Condition in which the crystalline lens is absent
52
astigmatism
defect in the refractive powers of the eye in which a ray of light is not focused on the retina but is spread over an area. It is due to a misshapen curvature of the cornea and lens.
53
bifocal
Pertaining to having two foci, as in bifocal glasses; one focus for near vision and another for far vision
54
blepharitis
Inflammation of the hair follicles and glands along the edges of the eyelids
55
blepharoplasty
Surgical repair of the eyelid or eyelids. One of the most commonly performed facial cosmetic procedures for conditions such as tired-looking eyes, excess skin, droopy eyelids, or circles around the eyes. It can also be combined with other facial and skin rejuvenation procedures such as brow or mid-face lift and laser or chemical skin resurfacing
56
blepharoptosis
Drooping of the upper eyelid(s)
57
cataract
Opacity of the crystalline lens or its capsule; most often occurs in older adults.
58
chalazion
Small, hard, painless cyst of a sebaceous gland of the eyelids
59
choroiditis
Inflammation of the vascular coat of the eye
60
conjunctivitis
inflammation of the conjunctiva that can be caused by allergens, irritating substances (shampoo, dirt, smoke, pool chlorine), bacteria, viruses, or sexually transmitted infections (STIs). The type called pinkeye is usually infectious and contagious.
61
corneal
pertaining to the cornea
62
corneal transplant
Surgical process of transferring the cornea from a donor to a patient
63
cryosurgery
Pertaining to a type of surgery that uses extreme cold to destroy tissue or to produce well-demarcated areas of cell injury; can be used in the removal of cataracts and in the repair of retinal detachment
64
cycloplegia
Paralysis of the ciliary muscle
65
dacryoma
Tumor-like swelling caused by obstruction of the tear duct(s)
66
diplopia
double vision
67
electroretinogram
Record of the electrical response of the retina to light stimulation
68
emmetropia
Normal or perfect vision
69
entropion
Turning inward of the margin of the lower eyelid
70
enucleation
Process of removing an entire part or mass without rupture, as the eyeball from its orbit
71
esotropia
Condition in which the eye or eyes turn inward; crossed eyes
72
exotropia
Turning outward of one or both eyes
73
glaucoma
group of eye diseases that produce increased intraocular pressure (IOP) caused by a backup of fluid in the eye. When the eye pressure is increased, the optic nerve becomes damaged and the retinal ganglion cells undergo a slow process of cell death termed apoptosis, resulting in permanent vision loss
74
gonioscope
Instrument used to examine the angle of the anterior chamber of the eye
75
hemianopia
Inability (blindness) to see half of the field of vision
76
hyperopia
Vision defect in which parallel rays come to a focus beyond the retina; farsightedness
77
intraocular
pertaining to within the eye
78
iridectomy
surgical excision of a portion of the iris
79
iridocyclitis
Inflammation of the iris and ciliary body
80
keratitis
inflammation of the cornea
81
keratoconjunctivitis
Inflammation of the cornea and the conjunctiva
82
keratoplasty
surgical repair of the cornea
83
lacrimal
pertaining to the tears
84
macular degeneration
Macular degeneration, or age-related macular degeneration (AMD), is a leading cause of vision loss in Americans age 55 and older. It causes severe loss of central vision, but peripheral vision is retained. AMD blurs the sharp central vision one needs for straight-ahead activities such as reading, sewing, and driving. AMD causes no pain.
85
miotic
Pertaining to an agent that causes the pupil to contract
86
mydriatic
Pertaining to an agent that causes the pupil to dilate
87
myopia
vision defect in which parallel rays come to a focus in front of the retina; nearsightedness.
88
nyctalopia
Condition in which the individual has difficulty seeing at night; night blindness
89
nystagmus
Involuntary, constant, rhythmic movement of the eyeball
90
ocular
pertaining to the eye
91
ocular fundus
Posterior inner part of the eye as seen with an ophthalmoscope
92
ophthalmologist
Physician who specializes in the study of the eye
93
ophthalmology
study of the eye
94
ophthalmoscope
Medical instrument used to examine the interior of the eye
95
optic
pertaining to the eye
96
optician
One who specializes in making optical products and accessories, such as eyeglasses. This person is not a physician.
97
optometrist
One who specializes in examining the eyes for refractive errors and providing appropriate corrective lenses. This person is not a medical doctor (MD) but is trained and licensed as a doctor of optometry (OD)
98
orthoptics
Study and treatment of defective binocular vision resulting from defects in ocular musculature; also a technique of eye exercises for correcting defective binocular vision
99
phacoemulsification
Process of using ultrasound to disintegrate a cataract by inserting a needle through a small incision and aspirating the disintegrated cataract.
100
phacolysis
Surgical destruction and removal of the crystalline lens in the treatment of a cataract
101
photocoagulation
Process of altering proteins in tissue by the use of light energy such as the laser beam; used to treat retinal detachment, retinal bleeding, intraocular tumors, and/or macular degeneration (wet)
102
photophobia
unusual intolerance to light
103
presbyopia
Vision defect in which parallel rays come to a focus beyond the retina; occurs normally with aging; also called hyperopia (farsightedness)
104
pupillary
pertaining to the pupil
105
radial keratotomy
Surgical procedure that can be performed to correct nearsightedness (myopia). Delicate spokelike incisions are made in the cornea to flatten it, thereby shortening the eyeball so that light reaches the retina. Vision is not improved for all patients, and complications could lead to blindness.
106
retinal detachment
Separation of the retina from the choroid layer of the eye that can be caused by trauma or can occur spontaneously.
107
retinitis
inflammation of the retina
108
retinitis pigmentosa
Chronic progressive disease marked by bilateral primary degeneration of the retina beginning in childhood and leading to blindness by middle age. Night blindness and a reduced field of vision are early clinical signs of this disease.
109
retinoblastoma
Malignant tumor arising from the germ cell of the retina
110
retinopathy
Any disease of the retina. In the United States, diabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of new blindness in people age 20–74
111
retrolental fibroplasia
Disease of the retinal vessels present in premature newborns; can be caused by excessive use of oxygen in the incubator; can cause retinal detachment and blindness
112
scleritis
Inflammation of the sclera (white of the eye)
113
strabismus
Disorder of the eye in which the optic axes cannot be directed to the same object.
114
sty(e)
Inflammation of one or more of the sebaceous glands of the eyelid; also called a hordeolum.
115
tonography
Recording of intraocular pressure used in detecting glaucoma
116
tonometer
Medical instrument used to measure intraocular pressure
117
trichiasis
Condition of in-growing eyelashes that rub against the cornea, causing a constant irritation to the eyeball
118
trifocal
pertaining to having three foci
119
uveal
Pertaining to the second or vascular coat of the eye
120
uveitis
Inflammation of the uvea (consists of the iris, ciliary body, and choroid and forms the pigmented layer)
121
xenophthalmia
Inflamed eye condition caused by foreign material
122
xerophthalmia
Eye condition in which the conjunctiva is dry
123
-opia
vision
124
a-
lack of, without
125
-ia
condition
126
-ism
condition
127
-al
pertaining to
128
-plasty
surgical repair
129
-ptosis
prolapse, drooping
130
-ery
pertaining to
131
-plegia
stroke, paralysis
132
-gram
mark, record
133
em-
in
134
-ion
process
135
eso-
inward
136
ex(o)-
out
137
an-
lack of
138
hyper-
beyond
139
intra-
within
140
-ar
pertaining to
141
-ectomy
surgical excision
142
-plasty
surgical repair
143
-tic
pertaining to
144
-ic
pertaining to
145
-ar
pertaining to
146
-scope
instrument or examining
147
-ician
specialist
148
-lysis
destruction, to separate
149
-phobia
fear
150
-ary
pertaining to
151
-blast
germ cell
152
-pathy
disease
153
retro-
behind
154
-plasia
formation
155
-us
structure
156
-graphy
recording
157
-meter
instrument to measure
158
-iasis
condition
159
Acc
accommodation
160
ALT
argon laser trabeculoplasty
161
AMD
age related macular degeneration
162
CVS
computer vision syndrome
163
DALK
deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty
164
EK
endothelial keratoplasty
165
EM
emmetropia
166
ET
esotropia
167
Hy
hyperopia
168
IOL
interocular lens
169
IOP
intraocular pressure
170
LASIK
laser assisted in situ keratomileusis
171
LPi
laser peripheral iridotomy
172
MGD
meibomian gland dysfunction
173
My
myopia
174
PK
penetrating keratoplasty
175
RLF
retrolental fibroplasia
176
RPE
retinal pigment epithelium
177
SLT
selective laser trabeculoplasty
178
VA
visual acuity
