Ch.11 The Prokaryotes: Domains Bacteria And Archaea

Question 1

— organisms are classified into two domain — and —

Answer 1

1. Prokaryotic
2. Archaea and Bacteria

Question 2

Prokaryotic Taxonomy:
~ Much information has been gained studying sequences of ———
* ——— contains several regions of ——— useful for obtaining proper sequence alignments

Answer 2

1. 16S RNA
2. 16S RNA, Highly Conserved Sequences

Question 3

Proteobacteria:
~ Largest taxonomic group of bacteria
~ Separated onto five classes designated by Greek letters:
1. —
2. —
3. —
4. —
5. —

Answer 3

1. Alphaproteobacteria
2. Betaproteobacteria
3. Gammaproteobacteria
4. Deltaproteobacteria
5. Epsilonproteobacteria

Question 4

The Alphaproteobacteria:
~ Most are capable of growing with very — levels of nutrients
~ Many have — or —
~ Include agriculturally important —— bacteria, chemoautotrophs, and chemoheterotrophs

Answer 4

1. Low
2. Stalks or Buds
3. Nitrogen-Fixing

Question 5

The Alphaproteobacteria:
~ Azospirillum
* Grows in —, using — excreted by plants
* Forms associations with —
* Fixes —

Answer 5

1. Soil, Nutrients
2. Roots
3. Nitrogen

Question 6

The Alphaproteobacteria:
~ Acetobacter and Gluconobacter
* Convert — into ——

Answer 6

1. Ethanol
2. Acetic Acid

Question 7

The Alphaproteobacteria:
~ Rickettsia
* —— parasites
* Cause ——
* Transmitted by — and ——1

Answer 7

1. Obligate Intracellular
2. Spotted Fevers
3. Insect and Tick Bites

Question 8

The Alphaproteobacteria:
~ Caulobacter
* Found in ——— environments
* Form —
* Reproduce via — rather than binary fission

Answer 8

1. Low-Nutrient, Aquatic
2. Stalks
3. Budding

Question 9

The Alphaproteobacteria:
~ Rhizobium and Bradyrhizobium
* Fix — in the roots of — plants
* Known by the common name of —

Answer 9

1. Nitrogen, Leguminous
2. Rhizobia

Question 10

The Alphaproteobacteria:
~ Agrobacterium
* Plant pathogen; causes ——
* Inserts a — into plant cells, inducing a —

Answer 10

1. Crown gall
2. Plasmid, Tumor

Question 11

The Betaproteobacteria:
~ Acidithiobacillus
* —; oxidize — to —

Answer 11

1. Chemoautotrophs
2. Sulfur to sulfates

Question 12

The Betaproteobacteria:
~ Spirillum
* Found in —
* Move via —

Answer 12

1. Freshwater
2. Flagella

Question 13

The Betaproteobacteria:
~ Sphaerotilus
* Found in — and —
* Form — to aid in — and ——

Answer 13

1. Freshwater & Sewage
2. Sheaths, Protection & Nutrient Gathering

Question 14

The Betaproteobacteria:
~ Burkholderia:
* B.Cepacia: degrades more than ———

Answer 14

100 organic molecules

Question 15

The Betaproteobacteria:
~ Bordetella
* —— rods
* B.pertusiss: causes ——

Answer 15

1. Non-motile
2. Whooping cough

Question 16

The Gammaproteobacteria:
~ Constitute the — subgroups of the proteobacteria and include a great variety of physiological types

Answer 16

Largest

Question 17

The Gammaproteobacteria:
~ Pseudomonas
* — pathogens; — infections
* — diverse
* ——; common in soil
* ——: wound and urinary tract infections

Answer 17

1. Opportunistic, Nosocomial
2. Metabolically
3. Polar Flagella
4. P.Aeruginosa

Question 18

The Gammaproteobacteria:
~ Legionella
* Found in —, ———, and ——
* Causes —

Answer 18

1. Streams, warm-water pipes, & cooling towers
2. Legionellosis

Question 19

The Gammaproteobacteria:
~ Coxiella
* C.burnetii: causes ——; transmitted via — or —

Answer 19

1. Q fever
2. Aerosols or Milk

Question 20

The Gammaproteobacteria:
~ Vibrionales
* Found in — habitats: —— causes cholera, V. Parahaemolyticus causes —

Answer 20

1. Aquatic
2. V.Cholerae
3. Gastroenteritis