Ch10 Key Terms - Shock

Question 1

A type of distributive shock that occurs when a person reacts violently to a substance to which he or she has become sensitized.

Answer 1

Anaphylactic shock

Question 2

Medications that prevent blood from clotting; “blood thinners.”

Answer 2

Anticoagulants

Question 3

A type of shock caused by inadequate function of the heart, or pump failure, resulting in poor cardiac output

Answer 3

Cardiogenic shock

Question 4

A type of shock resulting from widespread dilation of the small arterioles, venules, or both.

Answer 4

Distributive shock

Question 5

A loss of consciousness that results from a lack of blood flow to the brain. This condition may occur suddenly, resulting from the temporary dilation of the body’s veins and pooling of blood in those vessels. May also be referred to as syncope.

Answer 5

Fainting

Question 6

A type of shock caused by an inadequate amount of fluid or volume in the circulatory system.

Answer 6

Hypovolemic shock

Question 7

A type of distributive shock that is caused by disruptions of the central nervous system, most often from a spinal cord injury.

Answer 7

Neurogenic shock

Question 8

A type of shock caused by a blockage that prevents oxygenated blood from reaching vital organs.

Answer 8

Obstructive shock

Question 9

The circulation of blood within an organ or tissue in adequate amounts to meet the cells’ current needs for oxygen, nutrients, and waste removal.

Answer 9

Perfusion

Question 10

The tightening of the smaller-diameter blood vessels in the extremities, enabling increased blood flow to the vital organs.

Answer 10

Peripheral vascular resistance

Question 11

A condition where a blood clot becomes stuck in and blocks a pulmonary artery. May also be referred to as thromboembolism.

Answer 11

Pulmonary embolism

Question 12

A serious medical condition caused by the presence of pathogenic organisms or their toxins in the blood, leading to a systemic inflammatory response.

Answer 12

Sepsis

Question 13

A type of distributive shock that is caused by severe systemic infection.

Answer 13

Septic shock

Question 14

Inadequate perfusion, or flow of blood to the cells, causing cellular and tissue hypoxia due to reduced oxygen delivery.

Answer 14

Shock

Question 15

The amount of blood pumped out of the left ventricle into the aorta during one heartbeat.

Answer 15

Stroke volume

Question 16

A heart rate greater than 100 beats per minute in adults.

Answer 16

Tachycardia

Question 17

A respiratory rate greater than 20 breaths per minute in adults.

Answer 17

Tachypnea