Ch 20 Key Terms - Musculoskeletal Injuries

Question 1

A joint of the shoulder in which the acromion (top of the scapula) and the clavicle articulate.

Answer 1

Acromioclavicular (A/C) joint

Question 2

A sharp bend in a broken bone; a broken bone that is visibly crooked.

Answer 2

Angulation

Question 3

The cartilage that is affixed to the end of a bone within a joint.

Answer 3

Articular cartilage

Question 4

The site at which the ends of two or more bones come together to form a joint.

Answer 4

Articulation

Question 5

A noise or palpable feeling of crackling when fractured bone ends rub together.

Answer 5

Bone crepitus

Question 6

A tough, elastic, fibrous connective tissue found in various parts of the body, including the joints, outer ear, and end of the nose.

Answer 6

Cartilage

Question 7

The hard, outer layer of a bone.

Answer 7

Cortex

Question 8

A separation or displacement of the bones of a joint.

Answer 8

Dislocation

Question 9

Toward the back of the body or of a body part.

Answer 9

Dorsal

Question 10

To move a part of the body dorsally (toward the back).

Answer 10

Dorsiflex

Question 11

Motion that occurs at the site of a fracture of a long bone that is not present when the bone is intact

Answer 11

False movement

Question 12

A break in a bone’s cortex.

Answer 12

Fracture

Question 13

The act of holding an injured arm or leg in a protective position to prevent further injury.

Answer 13

Guarding

Question 14

The process of holding an object in place, as for a fracture by a cast or internal orthopedic hardware.

Answer 14

Immobilization

Question 15

Sites at which two or more bones meet.

Answer 15

Joints

Question 16

A sheet of fibrous connective tissue enclosing a synovial joint.

Answer 16

Joint capsule

Question 17

Tissues that connect a bone to another bone; connective tissue that provides structure for a joint.

Answer 17

Ligaments

Question 18

A specialized cartilage found in some Joints, such as the knee and the acromioclavicular joint.

Answer 18

Meniscus

Question 19

The combination of the bony skeleton, the voluntary muscles, and other supporting structures that gives the body form and enables movement

Answer 19

Musculoskeletal system

Question 20

The thin vascular outer covering of the cortex of a bone.

Answer 20

Periosteum

Question 21

Movement of the foot or toes downward, toward the sole of the foot.

Answer 21

Plantarflex

Question 22

The posterior part of the knee.

Answer 22

Popliteal fossa

Question 23

The type of muscle that attaches to the bony skeleton and is controlled voluntarily by the nervous system; functions to move joints to perform physical activities.

Answer 23

Skeletal muscle

Question 24

A soft splint used to immobilize many upper extremity injuries.

Answer 24

Sling and swathe

Question 25

A mechanical device used to prevent a part of the body from moving, protecting it from further injury.

Answer 25

Splint

Question 26

A stretched or torn ligament.

Answer 26

Sprain

Question 27

A stretched or torn muscle or tendon.

Answer 27

Strain

Question 28

An event in which a joint partially dislocates and returns to its normal anatomic position.

Answer 28

Subluxation

Question 29

The inner layer of the Joint capsule whose cells make a viscous fluid that lubricates joints.

Answer 29

Synovium

Question 30

Dense tissues that connect muscle to bone.

Answer 30

Tendons

Question 31

The amount of force required to straighten a limb and keep it in alignment; for a fractured femur, typically 10% of the patient’s body weight, or approximately 15 pounds.

Answer 31

Traction

Question 32

A splint used on a lower extremity to align a fracture, such as a midshaft fracture of the femur.

Answer 32

Traction splint

Question 33

The area that is close to or surrounding an injury of an extremity, such as a sprain or fracture

Answer 33

Zone of injury