Ch 20 Key Terms - Musculoskeletal Injuries Flashcards
A joint of the shoulder in which the acromion (top of the scapula) and the clavicle articulate.
Acromioclavicular (A/C) joint
A sharp bend in a broken bone; a broken bone that is visibly crooked.
Angulation
The cartilage that is affixed to the end of a bone within a joint.
Articular cartilage
The site at which the ends of two or more bones come together to form a joint.
Articulation
A noise or palpable feeling of crackling when fractured bone ends rub together.
Bone crepitus
A tough, elastic, fibrous connective tissue found in various parts of the body, including the joints, outer ear, and end of the nose.
Cartilage
The hard, outer layer of a bone.
Cortex
A separation or displacement of the bones of a joint.
Dislocation
Toward the back of the body or of a body part.
Dorsal
To move a part of the body dorsally (toward the back).
Dorsiflex
Motion that occurs at the site of a fracture of a long bone that is not present when the bone is intact
False movement
A break in a bone’s cortex.
Fracture
The act of holding an injured arm or leg in a protective position to prevent further injury.
Guarding
The process of holding an object in place, as for a fracture by a cast or internal orthopedic hardware.
Immobilization
Sites at which two or more bones meet.
Joints
A sheet of fibrous connective tissue enclosing a synovial joint.
Joint capsule
Tissues that connect a bone to another bone; connective tissue that provides structure for a joint.
Ligaments
A specialized cartilage found in some Joints, such as the knee and the acromioclavicular joint.
Meniscus
The combination of the bony skeleton, the voluntary muscles, and other supporting structures that gives the body form and enables movement
Musculoskeletal system
The thin vascular outer covering of the cortex of a bone.
Periosteum
Movement of the foot or toes downward, toward the sole of the foot.
Plantarflex
The posterior part of the knee.
Popliteal fossa
The type of muscle that attaches to the bony skeleton and is controlled voluntarily by the nervous system; functions to move joints to perform physical activities.
Skeletal muscle
A soft splint used to immobilize many upper extremity injuries.
Sling and swathe
A mechanical device used to prevent a part of the body from moving, protecting it from further injury.
Splint
A stretched or torn ligament.
Sprain
A stretched or torn muscle or tendon.
Strain
An event in which a joint partially dislocates and returns to its normal anatomic position.
Subluxation
The inner layer of the Joint capsule whose cells make a viscous fluid that lubricates joints.
Synovium
Dense tissues that connect muscle to bone.
Tendons
The amount of force required to straighten a limb and keep it in alignment; for a fractured femur, typically 10% of the patient’s body weight, or approximately 15 pounds.
Traction
A splint used on a lower extremity to align a fracture, such as a midshaft fracture of the femur.
Traction splint
The area that is close to or surrounding an injury of an extremity, such as a sprain or fracture
Zone of injury
