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anatomy & physiology i > Ch. 8 Joints (E2) > Flashcards

Ch. 8 Joints (E2) Flashcards

1
Q

Point of contact between bones, cartilage, and bones or between the teeth and bones.

A

What is a joint/articulation?

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2
Q

What are the 3 structural classifications of a joint?

A

1) Fibrous
2) Cartilaginous
3) Synovial

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3
Q

This joint has no cavity and is held together by connective tissue.

A

What is fibrous?

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4
Q

This joint has no cavity and is held together by cartilage.

A

What is cartilaginous?

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5
Q

This joint is a cavity surrounded by an articular capsule.

A

What is synovial?

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6
Q

Synarthroses are { } joints.

A

Immovable

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7
Q

What are the 3 types of synarthroses?

A

1) Suture (seam)
2) Gomphosis (bolt together)
3) Synchondrosis

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8
Q

An example of a suture is the thin layer of dense fibrous connective tissue that units the { } bones.

A

Skull

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9
Q

In what 2 ways do a suture’s interlocking edges help the skull?

A

1) Increase strength
2) Decrease risk of fractures

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10
Q

This suture is situated between the frontal and parietal bones.

A

What is coronal?

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11
Q

The gomphosis is a fibrous joint, similar to a { } in a socket.

A

Peg

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12
Q

Give an example of a gomphosis.

A

The roots of the teeth in the sockets of the alveolar processes.

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13
Q

The synchondrosis is the only synarthrosis connected by { } cartilage.

A

Hyaline

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14
Q

Give an example of a synchondrosis.

A

Epiphyseal plate

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15
Q

Amphiarthroses are { } movable joints.

A

Slightly

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16
Q

A syndesmosis is an amphiarthrosis that is similar to a { } but has more { } connective tissue so that it is not as { }.

A

1) Suture
2) Fibrous
3) Tight

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17
Q

Give an example of a syndesmosis.

A

Distal articulation between the tibia and fibula.

18
Q

A symphysis is a joint connected by a broad, flat { } disc.

A

Fibrocartilage

19
Q

Give 2 examples of a symphysis.

A

1) Intervertebral discs
2) Pubic symphysis

20
Q

Synathroses, also called { } joints, are { } movable.

A

1) Synovial
2) Freely

21
Q

Space that separates articulating bones.

A

What is the synovial cavity?

22
Q

Hyaline cartilage that covers the surface of an articulation (epiphysis) to reduce friction.

A

What is articular cartilage?

23
Q

Sleeve that encloses the synovial cavity and unites bones.

A

What is the articular capsule?

24
Q

Name the 2 layers of the articular capsule and what makes them distinct.

A

1) Outer - fibrous tissue
2) Inner - synovial membrane (makes synovial fluid)

25
Q

These provide extra strength inside and outside the capsule.

A

What are accessory ligaments?

26
Q

Pads of fibrocartilage shaped to fit between bone surfaces.

A

What are articular discs/menisci?

27
Q

Fluid-filled sacs inside the synovial cavity to reduce high friction stress points.

A

What are bursae?

28
Q

This type of joint goes side to side.

A

What is plane/gliding?

29
Q

This type of joint swings back and forth like a door.

A

What is hinge?

30
Q

This joint is a rounded surface within a ring formed by another bone and the adjoining ligament.

A

What is pivot?

31
Q

This joint is an oval condyle in a cavity.

A

What is condyloid/ellipsoid?

32
Q

This joint is very similar to legs on a saddle.

A

What is saddle?

33
Q

This joint is very similar to a ball in a cup.

A

What is ball-and-socket?

34
Q

“Microscopic” surgery using small incisions and minimal cutting.

A

What is arthroscopy?

35
Q

Joint replacement.

A

What is arthroplasty?

36
Q

Knee injuries, such as ACL and meniscal tears, require the use of…

A

Surgical grafts

37
Q

A displaced bone due to the tearing of ligaments, tendons, or articular capsules.

A

What is dislocation?

38
Q

A circumduction-related injury seen in baseball pitchers, causing damage to the muscles and tendons of the glenohumeral joint.

A

What is a rotator cuff tear?

39
Q

Degenerative, bone-on-bone inflammation, swelling, and pain.

A

What is osteoarthritis?

40
Q

An autoimmune disorder where the synovial joint’s soft tissues get replaced with bone and fuse together.

A

What is rheumatoid arthritis?

41
Q

The acute or chronic inflammation of bursae due to high friction, causing swelling and pain.

A

What is bursitis?

42
Q

What is the difference between a sprain and a strain?

A

Sprain - ligament tear
Strain - muscle tear

anatomy & physiology i (29 decks)

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