CH 8 Flashcards
What is a theory?
abstract generalization that explains how phenomena are interrelated
What are the 3 types of theories
- descriptive
- grand
- middle-range
what kind of theory describes a phenomenon?
descriptive : inductive, observation-based abstractions, common in qualitative
What type of theory attempts to explain large segments of the human experience but are not good for research?
What are they types of this theory?
- grand
- Roy’s adaptation model, Transcultural nursing, Nursing process theory, Theory of human becoming, Self-care theory, Modeling and role model theory
What type of theory attempts to focus on one phenomena and are more suitable for research?
Why are they more suitable for research?
- middle range theory
- able to test them empirically
What type of model deals with abstractions or concepts that are assembled bc go their relevance to a common theme and are more loosely strutted than theories?
Concept model
What type of model uses concept maps / visual representation of the relationships among phenomena?
schematic model
What is the conceptual underpinning of a study?
the framework
If the study is based on a theory it has a ___ framework?
If the study uses a conceptual model for the base it has a __ framework?
- theoretical
- conceptual
What are the 4 conceptual models of nursing?
- human being
- env
- health
- nursing
According to Roy’s adaptation model : human being cope with ___ change through adaptation. The goal of nursing is to __ ___. Nursing interventions usually take the form of __ internal and external stimuli that affect adaptation.
- environmental change
- promote adaptation
- modifying stimuli : inc/dec/add/remove/maintain
What type of theories and models have been developed to focus on phenomena of interest to nurses?
What are examples?
- middle range theories
- Health promotion model
- Uncertainty in illness theory, social cognitive theory, Transtheroretical model, Health belief model, Theory of planned behavior
Qualitative studies app tempt to avoid letting theories ___ or ___ their study findings.
Each type of study will still have its own ___
- influence
- bias
- framework
Phenomenologists are guided by a frame work that is focused on ___
the persons lived experiences
Ethnographers have a ___ framework focus
- cultural
Grounded theory uses framework related to ___ formulations
- sociological
Quantitative researchers will test a hypothesis from an ___ ___
existing theory
Some studies relate to ___ theories, while others create their own ___ ___ that mergers several ___ together (which are more likely to be seen in a __ study)
- multiple
- theoretical framework
- theories
- pilot
Why can it be difficult to critique a framework?
- abstract process
- researchers may provide evidence to support the framework but not evidence that could refute it
Quantitative articles may not mention a theory or framework. To determine if a theory or framework is needed what should we evaluate?
the intervention
A quantitive study that does not need an underlying theory has ___(#) ___(simple/complex) intervention.
- 1
- simple
A quantitive study that has a complex intervention with the ___ of an underlying theory weakens the exigence quality but does not discount the evidence
- absence
