CH 13 - Exam 2 Flashcards
Describe mixed method research
a singular published study that combines quantitative and qualitative research
Mixed research is used because of ___. The idea is that the topic requires ___ types of research to effectively study it.
- pragmatism
- both
What are the 3 general reasons for a mixed study? (no description)
- complementarity
- practicality
- enhanced validity
If the reason for a mixed study is complimentary it is believed that each approach ___ the other, and using both types of research mitigates the ___ form a single study type.
- compliments
- limitations
If the reason for a mixed study is practicality it is believed that for ___ issues it is practical to use multiple tool to ___ address the phenomena of interest
- complex
- best
If the reason for a mixed study is enhanced validity it is understood that ___ data sources that ___ the hypothesis make that hypothesis stronger
- data
- support
T/F : mixed methods can be used when there are 2 research questions
ture
Examples of when there are 2 research questions and mixed research is needed. (6)
- new concept and qualitative exploration is needed
- single approach is not sufficient to explore the concept
- findings can be enhanced with concurrent data from a second study
- qualitative results can help explain the qualitative results
- both types of data are needed to support the perspective
- multiple project phases are needed to address the issue
What are the 5 designs for mixed method studies?
- concurrent
- sequential
- convergent
- explanatory
- exploratory
___ designs have both quantitative and qualitative studies occurring at the same time
- concurrent
___ designs clearly have one study type finished before the second happens, or they occur in phases
- sequential
Convergent designs obtain different ____ data about a phenomenon, with the goal to converge on the ___
- complementary
- truth
___ designs are concurrent and have equal weight applied to both types of study (QUAN + QUAL)
convergent
___ designs are sequential designs where quantitative data is collected first, and the qualitative results explain the results of the quantitative (quan –> QUAL or QUAN –> QUAL)
explanatory
___ designs are sequential where qualitative is collected first, the quantitative results are used to explore the results of the qualitative (qual –> QUAN or QUAL –> QUAN)
exploratory
The sample for mixed methods can begin with the ___ (Lg/Sm) sample that will be used for the quantitative. The sample for the qualitative can be ___, which is a ___ ___ from the sample used in the quantitative sample
- large
- nested
- small subset
clinical trials test ___ ___
clinical interventions
___ ___ are commonly used for approving medications for use
clinical trials
How many phases are in a clinical trial?
4
Phase __ : establish safety, tolerance, and dose with sample design
1
what is the focus of phase 1 of a clinical trial
developing the best treatment
Phase __ : pilot test or treatment effectiveness
2
In phase 2 researchers are trying to determine if the intervention is ___ and ___. It is designed as a ___ ___ experiment
- feasible
- acceptable
- small scale
Phase __ : randomized controlled trial
3
In phase 3 the intervention is tested against ___ ___ to determine if it improves
usual care
What is the most often discussed version of a clinical trial
randomized control trial
Phase __ : studies of the effectiveness in the general population without the control or artificial conditions provided by the RTC
4
___ research focuses on developing useful information about programs or policy
evaluation
A ___ ___ seeks to understand what is the treatment, how is it different form traditional practices, what are the barriers to implementation, how do staff feel about it, and in general how it functions
process analysis
A process analysis is used mostly with __ data
qualitative
An ___ or ___ analysis seeks to determine if an intervention is financially feasible
economic
cost
An economic or cost analysis does not seek to increase the body of ___ ___, but rather affirm or approve a ___ ___ ___ ___, making it considered ___ based
- research knowledge
- potential quality improvement initiative
- non-research
Nursing intervention research essentially has the same phases as a ___ ___
clinical trial
What is the different b/t nursing intervention research and clinical trials (think about the interventions)
- nursing intervention research uses complex interventions, an intervention theory is clearly states, identifies and includes key stake holders
- clinical trials : single intervention
T/F : clinical trials are more extensive than nursing intervention research, but are not as prevalent in literature
false
___ ___ research examines how organizational structures and process, health technologies, social factors, and personal behaviors affect access to health care, the cost and quality of health care and people’s health and well being
health services
Health service research looks at what 4 things affect access to health care, as well as what other 2 things
- organizational structure and process
- health technologies
- social factors
- personal behaviors
- the cost and quality of health care
- people health and well being
___ research focuses on examining the effect of healthcare on the outcome of patients
outcome
What can be used to identify the quality of nursing care for an individual unit in a hospital versus the quality of the hospital as a whole
- nursing sensitive indicators
- nursing quality indicators
___ research obtains quantitative information about variables in a population, one that is usually from a nonclinical population
survey
How is data generally collected for survey research (2)
interviews and questionnaires
The information gathered is survey research is usually ___. Surveys are ___ with a ___ scope
- superficial
- flexible
- broad
___ studies seek to improve practice and processes within a specific organization
QI
QI studies do not generate ___ that can be ___ beyond the organization
- knowledge
- generalized
QI studies follow what process
- plan :
- do
- study
- act
Plan (out of plan do study act) includes :
plan a change and develop a test or observation, including a plan for data collection
Do (out of plan do study act) includes :
try the change on a small scale
Study (out of plan do study act) includes :
review and analyze the data, study the results, and identify what has been learned
act (out of plan do study act) includes :
refine the change and take action based on the lessons learned from the test
