CH 18 - Exam 2 Flashcards
A systematic review ___ research evidence about a ___ ___ ___ using careful __ and data collection procedures that are ____. In other words…
- integrates
- specific research question
- sampling
- predetermined
- -> in other words integrated research from multiple sources
What is the most known place systematic reviews can be found?
Cochrane collaboration
A systematic review of quantitive studies =
meta-analysis
A systemic review of a qualitative study =
meta - synthesis
A meta analysis uses findings from multiple qualitative studies to calculate an ___ ___
effect size
What is the purpose of the effect size
to determine the relationship b/t variables across multiple studies
What are 2 advantages of a meta analysis
- findings are objective and supported by statistics
- power or ability to detect a true relationship is increased
T/F : meta analysis can only have articles that support the same findings
F : a meta analysis can still support a real relationship b/t two variables if some studies have conflicting results
What are 2 situations where a meta analysis is appropriate
- the research question for each study describes needs to be near identical
- there need to be enough strong studies to merit its use
What is a meta analysis not appropriate
if strong studies of the same type provide conflicting evidence
What are the 7 steps in a meta analysis
- problem formulation
- design
- literature search
- evaluations of study quality
- extraction and encoding of data
- calculation of effect
data analysis
The question for a meta analysis should be ___ or ___
narrowed or focused
The design for a meta analysis should sample ___ ___ that address the focus research question
primary studies
Which step of a meta analysis clearly states what types of studies will be allowed or excluded
design
___ __ is a factor assess to determine if a meta analysis is appropriate
statistical heterogeneity
What does statistical heterogeneity look for
if results are conflicting b/t different studies for the same research question
In the literature there is a risk for ___ ___
publication bias
What is publication bias
the tendency for published studied to systematically overrepresent statistically significant findings
___ literature refers to studies that have not been published or were rejected by publishers
grey
___ ___ can vary in approach but need to be done by multiple researchers to agree on all ratings of quality
quality assessments
The ___ __ is a measure of how effective the independent variable is in causing an outcome
effect size
What are the three methods for calculating effect, and what types of studies are they used for?
- cohen’s d : quantitative study with numerical scale results
- Odds ratio / relative risk : where outcomes are dichotomies
- Pearson’s r : nonexpiremental studies
Once the effect sizes are calculated the results can then be presented on a ___ __ to see the effect for each study
forest plot
A forest plot can determine if a meta-analysis is ___ based on the calculated __ __
- appropriate
- effect size
What are the 5 steps in a meta synthesis
- problem formulation
- design
- literature review
- study quantity
- data analysis
Is a meta synthesis a literature review?
no
Is the research question for a meta synthesis more or less focus than that of a meta analysis
less
Meta syntheses will involve one or more researchers who often were involved in the ___ ___
primary studies
Why might researchers prefer to look outside peer-reviewed journals for a meta synthesis
page limits by publishers
A ___, while not peer reviewed or published, does not have a page limit and can contain all of the information obtained through data collection
dissertation
Why might a literature review be less involved in a meta synthesis
difficulty locating qualitative studies
Some meta syntheses will assess ___ ___ while others will not use it for inclusion data
study quality
A data meta syntheses record from each article will include what 6 things
- year
- sample
- methodology
- key themes
- metaphors
- categories
Is data analysis in a meta synthesis more or less defined than a meta analysis
less
