CH 1

Question 1

What is nursing research?

Answer 1

research that addresses problems related to nurses or pts cared for by nurses

Question 2

What is clinical nursing research?

Answer 2

research in the practice setting –> the PICO project

Question 3

How is magnet status achieved?

Answer 3

when the hospital tends to use EBP

Question 4

Why is nursing research important?

Answer 4

it guides practice –> practice will change if new evidence is found

Question 5

A nurse who has an ACTIVE role in research does what kinds of things?

Answer 5

contributing to an idea for clinical inquiry, assisting in data collection, offer advice to clients participating in a study, discuss the implications of a study in a journal

Question 6

A nurse who has a PASSIVE role in research does what kinds of things?

Answer 6

searching for research evidence –> what we do in this class

Question 7

Who was considered the first nursing researcher? When did nursing research take off?

Answer 7

• 1st researcher : flounce nightingale

- nursing research took off in the 1950s

Question 8

How are EBP, systematic reviews, and addressing health disparities r/t nursing research?

Answer 8

• EBP : research is used to guide practice –> require nurses to adapt based on changing evidence
• systematic review : need more than 1 study –> combine the results from several studies ( same problem and intervention)
• Addressing health disparities : research needs a direct link to clinical practice including a way to address disparities

Question 9

Why might the way a skill is preformed in the clinical setting differ from how it is learned in lab (following the procedure from the book)?

Answer 9

• this can be due to different methods of evidence

Question 10

What sources of evidence for nursing practice require caution? (2)

Answer 10

• tradition and authority : watching someone else preform the skill in clinical practice (may not be done correctly)
• clinical experience and trial and error : develop own ways of practice based on experience –> not disciplined enough to correlate intervention to result

Question 11

What source of evidence for nursing practice is considered prudent?

Answer 11

• assembled information : charts that should be present on each unit that tracks the number of incidences (ie falls) and is a nursing quality indicator –> can help determine if a hospital needs to change its practice but does not guide practice

Question 12

What source of evidence for nursing practice is recommended?
How is it incorporated into practice

Answer 12

• Disciplined research
• once a common intervention is found and supported by several studies you present the findings to your unit practice council

Question 13

What is a paradigm?
What are the 2 types?
How are the 2 types similar? (5)

Answer 13

• paradigm = a world view or general perspective
• 2 types : positivist and constructivist
• both seek answers to problems, gather evidence, require human cooperation , obey ethical demands, have limitations

Question 14

What type of data is the positivist paradigm associated with?
How does it address the researcher?
What is the role of values?

Answer 14

• assoc w/ quantitative data
• the researcher is independent from those being researched
• biases and values should be in check, objectivity is key

Question 15

What type of data is the constructive paradigm associated with?
How does it address the researcher?
What is the role of values?

Answer 15

• assoc w/ qualitative
• researcher interacts with those being researched –> finding are based on these interactions
• subjectivity and values are inevitable and desired

Question 16

What are the best methods for obtaining evidence for a positivist paradigm?

Answer 16

• deductive process –> hypothesis testing
• desecrate specific concepts
• fixed pre-specified design
• controls over context
• stat analysis
• seeks generalization

Question 17

What are the best method of research for a constructive paradigm?

Answer 17

• inductive process –> hypothesis generation
• emphasis on the whole
• emerging insight grounded in participants experience
• flexible emergent design
• context bound
• narrative info
• qualitative analysis
• seeks in-depth understanding

Question 18

Can 1 study have both quantitative and qualitative research?

Answer 18

yes : both types are important

Question 19

What are the 5 question types for quantitative and qualitative studies?
Are any of them specific to one type of research?

Answer 19

• identification : qualitative only
• description
• exploration
• prediction and control : quantitative only
• explanation

Question 20

A study the measures the amount of stress patients face before surgery uses what question type?

Answer 20

description : focus on measuring and describing the stress

Question 21

A study that focuses on the factors that increase a patents stress before surgery would use what type of research question?

Answer 21

• exploration : looking at impacting factors

Question 22

Predicting a 40 yo woman would be more likely to have a child with Down syndrome than a woman that is 35 yo uses what type of research question?

Answer 22

• prediction and control : predicts and outcome based on research evidence w/o explaining why this outcome would occur

Question 23

What type of research question would be used if the topic had never been studied before?

Answer 23

• identification : trying to determine the phenomenon

Question 24

What are the 5 EBP research purposes?

Answer 24

• therapy / intervention
• diagnostic / assessment
• prognosis
• etiology / cx / harm
• meaning / process

Question 25

A study that measures the effectiveness of meditation on reducing stress would address which EBP research purpose?

Answer 25

• therapy / intervention : does it improve a healthcare problem

Question 26

A study that measures two different instruments for depression to determine if one is more accurate than the other would address with EBP research purpose?

Answer 26

• diagnostic / assessment : effective methods to screen / dx / assess pts

Question 27

A study that evaluates a leukemia pt and the effects of hyperglycemia on outcomes such as infection would address which type of EBP research purpose?

Answer 27

• prognosis : focus on a disease and how a specific factor and impact clinical outcomes ( looks at a health issue and how other health issues effect it )
• longer term and help with lifestyle choices

Question 28

A studies that identifies risk factors for developing a CAUTI would address which EBP research purpose?

Answer 28

• etiology / cx / harm : link between something and outcome

Question 29

A study that evaluates how patents felt about fall precautions / interventions used would address what type of EBP research purpose?

Answer 29

meaning / process : aim to identify the pts perspective –> promotes adherence
- more qualitative