CH 1 Flashcards
What is nursing research?
research that addresses problems related to nurses or pts cared for by nurses
What is clinical nursing research?
research in the practice setting –> the PICO project
How is magnet status achieved?
when the hospital tends to use EBP
Why is nursing research important?
it guides practice –> practice will change if new evidence is found
A nurse who has an ACTIVE role in research does what kinds of things?
contributing to an idea for clinical inquiry, assisting in data collection, offer advice to clients participating in a study, discuss the implications of a study in a journal
A nurse who has a PASSIVE role in research does what kinds of things?
searching for research evidence –> what we do in this class
Who was considered the first nursing researcher? When did nursing research take off?
- 1st researcher : flounce nightingale
- nursing research took off in the 1950s
How are EBP, systematic reviews, and addressing health disparities r/t nursing research?
- EBP : research is used to guide practice –> require nurses to adapt based on changing evidence
- systematic review : need more than 1 study –> combine the results from several studies ( same problem and intervention)
- Addressing health disparities : research needs a direct link to clinical practice including a way to address disparities
Why might the way a skill is preformed in the clinical setting differ from how it is learned in lab (following the procedure from the book)?
- this can be due to different methods of evidence
What sources of evidence for nursing practice require caution? (2)
- tradition and authority : watching someone else preform the skill in clinical practice (may not be done correctly)
- clinical experience and trial and error : develop own ways of practice based on experience –> not disciplined enough to correlate intervention to result
What source of evidence for nursing practice is considered prudent?
- assembled information : charts that should be present on each unit that tracks the number of incidences (ie falls) and is a nursing quality indicator –> can help determine if a hospital needs to change its practice but does not guide practice
What source of evidence for nursing practice is recommended?
How is it incorporated into practice
- Disciplined research
- once a common intervention is found and supported by several studies you present the findings to your unit practice council
What is a paradigm?
What are the 2 types?
How are the 2 types similar? (5)
- paradigm = a world view or general perspective
- 2 types : positivist and constructivist
- both seek answers to problems, gather evidence, require human cooperation , obey ethical demands, have limitations
What type of data is the positivist paradigm associated with?
How does it address the researcher?
What is the role of values?
- assoc w/ quantitative data
- the researcher is independent from those being researched
- biases and values should be in check, objectivity is key
What type of data is the constructive paradigm associated with?
How does it address the researcher?
What is the role of values?
- assoc w/ qualitative
- researcher interacts with those being researched –> finding are based on these interactions
- subjectivity and values are inevitable and desired
What are the best methods for obtaining evidence for a positivist paradigm?
- deductive process –> hypothesis testing
- desecrate specific concepts
- fixed pre-specified design
- controls over context
- stat analysis
- seeks generalization
What are the best method of research for a constructive paradigm?
- inductive process –> hypothesis generation
- emphasis on the whole
- emerging insight grounded in participants experience
- flexible emergent design
- context bound
- narrative info
- qualitative analysis
- seeks in-depth understanding
Can 1 study have both quantitative and qualitative research?
yes : both types are important
What are the 5 question types for quantitative and qualitative studies?
Are any of them specific to one type of research?
- identification : qualitative only
- description
- exploration
- prediction and control : quantitative only
- explanation
A study the measures the amount of stress patients face before surgery uses what question type?
description : focus on measuring and describing the stress
A study that focuses on the factors that increase a patents stress before surgery would use what type of research question?
- exploration : looking at impacting factors
Predicting a 40 yo woman would be more likely to have a child with Down syndrome than a woman that is 35 yo uses what type of research question?
- prediction and control : predicts and outcome based on research evidence w/o explaining why this outcome would occur
What type of research question would be used if the topic had never been studied before?
- identification : trying to determine the phenomenon
What are the 5 EBP research purposes?
- therapy / intervention
- diagnostic / assessment
- prognosis
- etiology / cx / harm
- meaning / process
A study that measures the effectiveness of meditation on reducing stress would address which EBP research purpose?
- therapy / intervention : does it improve a healthcare problem
A study that measures two different instruments for depression to determine if one is more accurate than the other would address with EBP research purpose?
- diagnostic / assessment : effective methods to screen / dx / assess pts
A study that evaluates a leukemia pt and the effects of hyperglycemia on outcomes such as infection would address which type of EBP research purpose?
- prognosis : focus on a disease and how a specific factor and impact clinical outcomes ( looks at a health issue and how other health issues effect it )
- longer term and help with lifestyle choices
A studies that identifies risk factors for developing a CAUTI would address which EBP research purpose?
- etiology / cx / harm : link between something and outcome
A study that evaluates how patents felt about fall precautions / interventions used would address what type of EBP research purpose?
meaning / process : aim to identify the pts perspective –> promotes adherence
- more qualitative
