Ch. 7: Physiological Changes in Pregnancy Flashcards
a woman who is pregnant
gravida:
Pregnancy; pregnant; number times been pregnant
gravidity:
a woman who has had 2+ pregnancies
multigravida:
a woman who has never been pregnant
nulligravida:
capacity to live outside the uterus; use 20 weeks as cut off, greatly varies, but typically 22-24
viability:
the # of pregnancies in which the fetus(es) have reached viability, not the number of fetuses born.
parity:
a woman who has completed 2+ pregnancies to the stage of fetal viability (beyond 20 weeks)
multipara:
a woman who has not completed a pregnancy with a fetus or fetuses who have reached the stage of fetal viability (not reached at least 20 wks)
nullipara:
a woman who is pregnant for the first time.
primigravida:
a woman who has completed one pregnancy with a fetus or fetuses who have reached the stage of fetal viability (20 weeks)
primipara:
a pregnancy that has reached 20 weeks of gestation but before completion of 37 weeks of gestation. (count weeks and days in pregnancy); after 20 weeks
preterm:
miscarriage or elective termination of pregnancy before viability. (before 20 weeks); pregnancy lost before 20 weeks
abortion:
a pregnancy from the beginning of week 38 of gestation to the end of week 42 of gestation.
term:
a pregnancy that goes beyond 42 weeks of gestation.
postdate or post-term:
G = gravidity (gravida ___)
T = term births (after 38 weeks)
P = preterm births (after 20 weeks; 20-end 37th weeks)
A = abortions (before 20 weeks)
L = living children (currently)
GTPAL
3 categories signs prengnacy: possible and felt by women; presuming pregnant
amenorrhea:
nausea and vomiting:
fatigue:
breast changes:
urinary symptoms:
weight gain:
quickening:
Things feel and not corroborate as provider
Possible/presumptive signs - felt by the woman
~4 weeks, missed period
Secondary amenorrhea
amenorrhea:
4 - 14 weeks, 50-75% feel - over ½ women experience morning sickness in first trimester
Having this Not mean pregnant
nausea and vomiting:
~12 weeks
fatigue:
3-4 weeks, tingling, tenderness, pain, increased vascularization
Bilateral or unilateral; may have fibrocystic breast changes
breast changes:
6-12 weeks, urgency, frequency, increased uterine pressure
Pee all time; may have UTI
urinary symptoms:
usually small amount at first - first trimester weight loss - N&V; food aversion and smell aversion
Could be hormone or psychological issue
weight gain:
16-20 weeks, first fetal movement - first time in mom
Something moving in belly - butterflies; OR bad gas
quickening:
Probable signs - not 100% but leaning towards it
Hegar’s Sign:
Goodell’s Sign:
Chadwick’s Sign:
Urine pregnancy tests:
Abdominal changes:
Ballotment:
Possible signs - observed by examiner
6-12 weeks, softening of the lower uterine segment - bimanual exam
Second ½ first trimester
Hegar’s Sign:
~ 5 weeks, softening of the cervix
Bimanual exam
Cervix usually feels like point of nose normally
Goodell’s Sign:
6-8 weeks, bluish or purplish color of the cervix, vagina and vulva - speculum in and see pregnant - usually PALE PINK
Chadwick’s Sign:
detects HCG
PROBABLE SIGNS - not positive signs
Home prengnacy tests delay prenatal care depending on if want pregnancy; if want it get in there soon; pit tumors push off HCG; cancer endometrium, cancer inside uterus
Urine pregnancy tests:
pregnancy may show after 14 weeks, 16 weeks Braxton Hicks - irregular, painless
Feel uterus by belly button - could be that or tumor
Abdominal changes:
16-28 weeks, passive movement of the unengaged fetus when tapped or pushed
Bimanual exam - tap cervix and feel something solid move away then come back - baby or polyp or tumor - weight distribution surrounded fluid
Ballotment:
