Ch. 34 Flashcards
5cm/yr growth and double weight - 2-3 kg/yr
Phys changes
Maturation of sys
Prepubescence
Biologic development - school-age
School age children more graceful and steadier on their feet
Slimmer look, longer legs, lower center of gravity
Fat gradually diminishes
Doubled strength and phys capabilities
Decreased waist circumference in relation to height
Facial proportions change
Phys changes
GI sys - less upset stomachs, not fed as frequently; caloric needs less
Bladder capacity greater girls than boys
Immune sys competent
Bones cont ossify
Maturation of sys
2-yr period precedes puberty
Puberty
Beginning development secondary sex characterics
Variation between boys and girls
Prepubescence
Loving enviornment within stable fam unit required
Sense industry/sense accomplishment occurs now
Eager to develop skills and participate in meaningful and socially useful work
Improves ability to cooperate, compete with others and cope effectively
Peer approval imp
Inferiority - unprepared with developing sense accomplishment
Need and want real achievement
Psychosocial development: developing a sense of industry (Erikson)
Relate series of events to mental operations - concrete operations
Understanding relationships between things
Conservation
Group and sort objects
Ability understand relational terms and concepts
Cognitive development (Piaget)
Peer group identification imp in gaining independence from parents
Peer grps have culture of own with secrets, traditions, codes of ethics
Concept of appropriate sex role acquired through relationships with peers
Later school years differences in play between sexes more marked
Social development
Involves increased phys skill, intellectual ability, fantasy
Sense belonging by forming groups and cliques
Belonging to a group is imp
Ego mastery
Rules and rituals
Team play
Quiet games and activities
Play
Influenced by those around them
Aware bodies
Aware phys deviations from norm
Body image
Experience some form sex play as response to normal curiosity
Experimentalists by nature
Sex play - transitory and incidental
Development of sexuality
Amount sleep highly individualized
Not required naps
5 yr - 11.5 hr
11 yr - 9 hr
Fewer issues going to bed as get older
Sleep and rest
Greater speed and effort in motor activities
Larger stronger muscles
Need regular exercise
Positive reinforcement imp toward reg phys activity
Sports
Television, video games, the internet
Children learn from various forms of media that conflict with previously taught values
Ultimate decision to parents on what children watch and play
Exercise and activity
First permanent teeth: 6 yrs
Dental hygiene and regular attention to dental caries imp
Reg dental supervision and cont fluoride supplement
Do own dental care under supervision of parents
Accustomed to clean mouth imp
Flossing fellows brushing - do own around 8-9
Dental health
Number injuries decreased
Most common is motor vehicle accidents
Riding bicycles risk injury on streets
Safety and protective padding best way to prevent it
Injury prevention
